महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-116, verse-70

एतैश्चान्यैश्च राजेन्द्र पुरा मांसं न भक्षितम् ।
शारदं कौमुदं मासं ततस्ते स्वर्गमाप्नुवन् ॥७०॥

70. etaiścānyaiśca rājendra purā māṁsaṁ na bhakṣitam ,
śāradaṁ kaumudaṁ māsaṁ tataste svargamāpnuvan.

70. etaiḥ ca anyaiḥ ca rājendra purā māṃsam na bhakṣitam
śāradam kaumudam māsam tataḥ te svargam āpnuvan

70. rājendra etaiḥ ca anyaiḥ ca purā śāradam kaumudam
māsam māṃsam na bhakṣitam tataḥ te svargam āpnuvan

70. By these and by other (kings), O king among kings, meat was not consumed in ancient times during the autumnal month of Kaumuda. Therefore, they attained heaven (svarga).

Words meanings summery:

• एतैः (etaiḥ) - by these (mentioned kings) (by these, by them)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by other (kings) (by others)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O King (addressing the listener) (O king among kings, O best of kings)

• पुरा (purā) - in ancient times (formerly, in ancient times)

• मांसम् (māṁsam) - meat (meat, flesh)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• भक्षितम् (bhakṣitam) - consumed (eaten, consumed)

• शारदम् (śāradam) - autumnal

• कौमुदम् (kaumudam) - referring to the month of Kārtika (relating to the Kaumudī festival, of the month Kārtika)

• मासम् (māsam) - month

• ततः (tataḥ) - therefore (then, thence, therefore)

• ते (te) - they (the mentioned kings) (they (masc. nom. plural))

• स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven (heaven, celestial abode)

• आप्नुवन् (āpnuvan) - they attained (they attained, they reached)

Words meanings and morphology

एतैः (etaiḥ) - by these (mentioned kings) (by these, by them)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Refers to the kings listed in the preceding verses

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by other (kings) (by others)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another, different

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O King (addressing the listener) (O king among kings, O best of kings)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - king of kings, sovereign, paramount ruler; an Indra among kings

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• indra – Indra (chief of devas); best, chief, excellent (as a suffix in compounds)
  noun (masculine)

पुरा (purā) - in ancient times (formerly, in ancient times)

(indeclinable)

मांसम् (māṁsam) - meat (meat, flesh)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of māṃsa

māṁsa - meat, flesh

Note: Object of the verb 'bhakṣitam'

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

भक्षितम् (bhakṣitam) - consumed (eaten, consumed)

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhakṣita

bhakṣita - eaten, consumed, devoured

past passive participle

from bhakṣ (to eat)

Root: bhakṣ (class 10)

Note: Acts as a predicate adjective with an implied 'was'

शारदम् (śāradam) - autumnal

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śārada

śārada - autumnal, relating to autumn

from śarad (autumn) + aṇ suffix

कौमुदम् (kaumudam) - referring to the month of Kārtika (relating to the Kaumudī festival, of the month Kārtika)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kaumuda

kaumuda - relating to the moon or the Kaumudī festival; name of the month Kārtika (October-November)

from kumud (water lily) or kaumudī (moonlight festival)

मासम् (māsam) - month

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of māsa

māsa - month, moon

Note: Refers to the month itself

ततः (tataḥ) - therefore (then, thence, therefore)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the cause (not eating meat) to the effect (attaining heaven)

ते (te) - they (the mentioned kings) (they (masc. nom. plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers back to 'etaiḥ ca anyaiḥ'

स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven (heaven, celestial abode)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, celestial world, abode of the gods

Note: Object of 'āpnuvan'

आप्नुवन् (āpnuvan) - they attained (they attained, they reached)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of āp

imperfect past tense

5th conjugation, parasmaipada

Prefix: ā

Root: āp (class 5)