महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-116, verse-19

दुष्करं हि रसज्ञेन मांसस्य परिवर्जनम् ।
चर्तुं व्रतमिदं श्रेष्ठं सर्वप्राण्यभयप्रदम् ॥१९॥

19. duṣkaraṁ hi rasajñena māṁsasya parivarjanam ,
cartuṁ vratamidaṁ śreṣṭhaṁ sarvaprāṇyabhayapradam.

19. duṣkaram hi rasajñena māṃsasya parivarjanam cartum
vratam idam śreṣṭham sarvaprāṇyabhayapradam

19. hi rasajñena māṃsasya parivarjanam duṣkaram idam
śreṣṭham sarvaprāṇyabhayapradam vratam cartum

19. It is indeed difficult for one who appreciates taste to abstain from meat. This excellent vow, which grants fearlessness to all living beings, should be practiced.

Words meanings summery:

• दुष्करम् (duṣkaram) - difficult, hard to do

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• रसज्ञेन (rasajñena) - by one who knows taste, by a connoisseur

• मांसस्य (māṁsasya) - of meat, flesh

• परिवर्जनम् (parivarjanam) - avoidance, abstention, giving up

• चर्तुम् (cartum) - to be practiced/observed, for practicing

• व्रतम् (vratam) - vow, sacred observance

• इदम् (idam) - this, this one

• श्रेष्ठम् (śreṣṭham) - best, excellent, supreme

• सर्वप्राण्यभयप्रदम् (sarvaprāṇyabhayapradam) - granting fearlessness to all beings

Words meanings and morphology

दुष्करम् (duṣkaram) - difficult, hard to do

(adjective)

neuter, singular of duṣkara

duṣkara - difficult, hard to do, arduous

Prefix: dus

Root: √kṛ (class 8)

Note: Can be nominative or accusative singular neuter, here functions as a predicative adjective.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

Note: An emphatic particle.

रसज्ञेन (rasajñena) - by one who knows taste, by a connoisseur

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rasajña

rasajña - one who knows taste, connoisseur, critic

Compound type : tatpurusha (rasa+jña)

• rasa – taste, flavor, essence, juice
  noun (masculine)
• jña – knower, understanding
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from √jñā (to know) with kṛt suffix -a.
  Root: √jñā (class 9)

मांसस्य (māṁsasya) - of meat, flesh

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of māṃsa

māṁsa - meat, flesh

परिवर्जनम् (parivarjanam) - avoidance, abstention, giving up

(noun)

neuter, singular of parivarjana

parivarjana - avoidance, abandonment, abstention

Action noun from pari + √vṛj (to avoid, abandon).

Prefix: pari

Root: √vṛj (class 1)

Note: Here, nominative singular, subject of 'duṣkaram'.

चर्तुम् (cartum) - to be practiced/observed, for practicing

(indeclinable)

Infinitive (tumunn)

Infinitive form of √car, implies purpose or obligation. The standard form is caritum.

Root: √car (class 1)

Note: This form `cartum` is likely a non-standard or regional variant of `caritum` (infinitive 'to practice/observe').

व्रतम् (vratam) - vow, sacred observance

(noun)

neuter, singular of vrata

vrata - vow, sacred observance, religious practice

Note: Here, nominative singular, subject for `cartum` or qualified by `idam`.

इदम् (idam) - this, this one

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Adjective modifying `vratam`.

श्रेष्ठम् (śreṣṭham) - best, excellent, supreme

(adjective)

neuter, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, supreme, chief

Superlative degree from praśasya (praiseworthy).

Note: Adjective modifying `vratam`.

सर्वप्राण्यभयप्रदम् (sarvaprāṇyabhayapradam) - granting fearlessness to all beings

(adjective)

neuter, singular of sarvaprāṇyabhayaprada

sarvaprāṇyabhayaprada - granting fearlessness to all living beings

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sarva+prāṇin+abhaya+prada)

• sarva – all, every
  adjective (neuter)
• prāṇin – living being, animate creature
  noun (masculine)
  From prāṇa (breath/life) + -in.
• abhaya – fearlessness, safety
  noun (neuter)
  A-privative + bhaya (fear).
  Prefix: a
• prada – giver, bestower, granting
  adjective (neuter)
  Derived from pra-√dā (to give).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: √dā (class 3)

Note: Adjective modifying `vratam`.