महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-116, verse-10

यो यजेताश्वमेधेन मासि मासि यतव्रतः ।
वर्जयेन्मधु मांसं च सममेतद्युधिष्ठिर ॥१०॥

10. yo yajetāśvamedhena māsi māsi yatavrataḥ ,
varjayenmadhu māṁsaṁ ca samametadyudhiṣṭhira.

10. yaḥ yajeta aśvamedhena māsi māsi yatavrataḥ
varjayet madhu māṃsam ca samam etat yudhiṣṭhira

10. O Yudhishthira, one who, having controlled vows, performs the horse (aśvamedha) Vedic ritual every month, and one who abstains from honey and meat – these two actions are considered equal.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, one who

• यजेत (yajeta) - may perform a Vedic ritual

• अश्वमेधेन (aśvamedhena) - by means of a horse Vedic ritual (aśvamedha)

• मासि (māsi) - in each month (due to repetition 'māsi māsi') (in the month)

• मासि (māsi) - in each month (due to repetition 'māsi māsi') (in the month)

• यतव्रतः (yatavrataḥ) - a person whose sacred vows or observances are controlled/disciplined (one who has controlled vows)

• वर्जयेत् (varjayet) - may avoid, should abstain from

• मधु (madhu) - honey, sweet drink

• मांसम् (māṁsam) - meat, flesh

• च (ca) - and, also

• समम् (samam) - equal to the merit of the horse Vedic ritual (aśvamedha) (equal, alike, balanced)

• एतत् (etat) - this act of abstaining from honey and meat (this, this one)

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhishthira!

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, one who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

यजेत (yajeta) - may perform a Vedic ritual

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of yaj

Optative mood form (liṅ)

Root: yaj (class 1)

अश्वमेधेन (aśvamedhena) - by means of a horse Vedic ritual (aśvamedha)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of aśvamedha

aśvamedha - horse Vedic ritual, a major royal Vedic ritual

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (aśva+medha)

• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• medha – Vedic ritual, offering, sacrifice, wisdom
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root medh (to be fat, thrive; often associated with 'ritual')
  Root: medh (class 1)

मासि (māsi) - in each month (due to repetition 'māsi māsi') (in the month)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of māsa

māsa - month

मासि (māsi) - in each month (due to repetition 'māsi māsi') (in the month)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of māsa

māsa - month

Note: Repetition 'māsi māsi' means 'every month'.

यतव्रतः (yatavrataḥ) - a person whose sacred vows or observances are controlled/disciplined (one who has controlled vows)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yatavrata

yatavrata - one whose vows are controlled, disciplined in observances

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (yata+vrata)

• yata – controlled, restrained, self-controlled
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root yam (to control, restrain)
  Root: yam (class 1)
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious duty
  noun (neuter)

वर्जयेत् (varjayet) - may avoid, should abstain from

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of vṛj

Optative mood form (liṅ)

Root: vṛj (class 1)

मधु (madhu) - honey, sweet drink

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of madhu

madhu - honey, sweet, intoxicating drink, spring season

मांसम् (māṁsam) - meat, flesh

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of māṃsa

māṁsa - meat, flesh

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

समम् (samam) - equal to the merit of the horse Vedic ritual (aśvamedha) (equal, alike, balanced)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sama

sama - equal, same, alike, impartial

एतत् (etat) - this act of abstaining from honey and meat (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one (demonstrative pronoun)

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhishthira!

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (eldest of the Pandavas)