महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-116, verse-44

खादकस्य कृते जन्तुं यो हन्यात्पुरुषाधमः ।
महादोषकरस्तत्र खादको न तु घातकः ॥४४॥

44. khādakasya kṛte jantuṁ yo hanyātpuruṣādhamaḥ ,
mahādoṣakarastatra khādako na tu ghātakaḥ.

44. khādakasya kṛte jantum yaḥ hanyāt puruṣādhamaḥ
mahādoṣakaraḥ tatra khādakaḥ na tu ghātakaḥ

44. yaḥ puruṣādhamaḥ khādakasya kṛte jantum hanyāt
tatra khādakaḥ mahādoṣakaraḥ tu ghātakaḥ na

44. The lowest among men who kills a living being for the sake of an eater—in that instance, it is the eater who is the cause of great fault, not the killer.

Words meanings summery:

• खादकस्य (khādakasya) - of the person who consumes meat (of the eater, consumer)

• कृते (kṛte) - for the benefit or desire of (for the sake of, on account of)

• जन्तुम् (jantum) - an animal to be killed (living being, creature, animal)

• यः (yaḥ) - the one who (who, which)

• हन्यात् (hanyāt) - should kill (would kill, should kill)

• पुरुषाधमः (puruṣādhamaḥ) - a contemptible person (lowest among men, wretched man)

• महादोषकरः (mahādoṣakaraḥ) - one who incurs great sin (causing great fault/sin, producer of great evil)

• तत्र (tatra) - in that instance, in that situation (there, in that place, in that case)

• खादकः (khādakaḥ) - the one who eats meat (eater, consumer)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• तु (tu) - but, rather (but, on the other hand, however)

• घातकः (ghātakaḥ) - the one who performs the act of killing (killer, slayer)

Words meanings and morphology

खादकस्य (khādakasya) - of the person who consumes meat (of the eater, consumer)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of khādaka

khādaka - eater, consumer, devourer

Agent Noun

From root khād (to eat) with suffix -aka.

Root: khād (class 1)

Note: Possessive, connected with kṛte.

कृते (kṛte) - for the benefit or desire of (for the sake of, on account of)

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

Locative singular of kṛta (done), used as a postposition with genitive.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

जन्तुम् (jantum) - an animal to be killed (living being, creature, animal)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jantu

jantu - living being, creature, animal, man

From root jan (to be born).

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Object of hanyāt.

यः (yaḥ) - the one who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Subject of hanyāt.

हन्यात् (hanyāt) - should kill (would kill, should kill)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of han

Optative Active

Root han (to strike, kill), 2nd class, but irregular conjugation. Optative active 3rd singular.

Root: han (class 2)

पुरुषाधमः (puruṣādhamaḥ) - a contemptible person (lowest among men, wretched man)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣādhama

puruṣādhama - lowest among men, base man

Compound.

Compound type : Tatpurusha (puruṣa+adhama)

• puruṣa – man, person, male, spirit
  noun (masculine)
• adhama – lowest, worst, mean, base
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative (or comparative in some contexts) of adha (down).

Note: Predicate for yaḥ.

महादोषकरः (mahādoṣakaraḥ) - one who incurs great sin (causing great fault/sin, producer of great evil)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahādoṣakara

mahādoṣakara - causing great fault/sin

Compound. Agent noun from kṛ (to do/make) with doṣa (fault) and mahā (great).

Compound type : Upapada Tatpurusha (mahā+doṣa+kara)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
  Feminine stem of mahat. Here used as first part of compound.
• doṣa – fault, defect, sin, transgression
  noun (masculine)
  Root: duṣ (class 4)
• kara – maker, doer, causing
  agent noun (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From root kṛ (to do, make) with suffix -a.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate adjective for khādakaḥ.

तत्र (tatra) - in that instance, in that situation (there, in that place, in that case)

(indeclinable)

From tad (that) with suffix -tra.

खादकः (khādakaḥ) - the one who eats meat (eater, consumer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of khādaka

khādaka - eater, consumer, devourer

Agent Noun

From root khād (to eat) with suffix -aka.

Root: khād (class 1)

Note: Predicate of the second clause.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

Note: Negates ghātakaḥ.

तु (tu) - but, rather (but, on the other hand, however)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

घातकः (ghātakaḥ) - the one who performs the act of killing (killer, slayer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ghātaka

ghātaka - killer, slayer, murderer

Agent Noun

From causal of root han (to kill) ghātaya with suffix -aka.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Predicate of the second clause.