महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-68, verse-40

अर्धं भार्या मनुष्यस्य भार्या श्रेष्ठतमः सखा ।
भार्या मूलं त्रिवर्गस्य भार्या मित्रं मरिष्यतः ॥४०॥

40. ardhaṁ bhāryā manuṣyasya bhāryā śreṣṭhatamaḥ sakhā ,
bhāryā mūlaṁ trivargasya bhāryā mitraṁ mariṣyataḥ.

40. ardham bhāryā manuṣyasya bhāryā śreṣṭhatamaḥ sakhā
bhāryā mūlam trivargasya bhāryā mitram mariṣyataḥ

40. A wife is one half of a man, and a wife is the best of friends. A wife is the foundation of the trivarga (dharma, artha, and kāma), and a wife is a companion to one who is facing death.

Words meanings summery:

• अर्धम् (ardham) - one half (half, part)

• भार्या (bhāryā) - wife (wife, one who is to be supported)

• मनुष्यस्य (manuṣyasya) - of a man (of a man, human)

• भार्या (bhāryā) - wife (wife, one who is to be supported)

• श्रेष्ठतमः (śreṣṭhatamaḥ) - the best (best, most excellent)

• सखा (sakhā) - friend (friend, companion)

• भार्या (bhāryā) - wife (wife, one who is to be supported)

• मूलम् (mūlam) - the foundation (root, origin, foundation)

• त्रिवर्गस्य (trivargasya) - of the trivarga (dharma, artha, kāma) (of the group of three, of the triad)

• भार्या (bhāryā) - wife (wife, one who is to be supported)

• मित्रम् (mitram) - friend (friend, ally)

• मरिष्यतः (mariṣyataḥ) - of one who is facing death (of one who will die, of the dying)

Words meanings and morphology

अर्धम् (ardham) - one half (half, part)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ardha

ardha - half, part, side

भार्या (bhāryā) - wife (wife, one who is to be supported)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhāryā

bhāryā - wife; one who is to be supported

Gerundive

Derived from root bhṛ (to bear, support) + suffix ya

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

मनुष्यस्य (manuṣyasya) - of a man (of a man, human)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of manuṣya

manuṣya - man, human being

भार्या (bhāryā) - wife (wife, one who is to be supported)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhāryā

bhāryā - wife; one who is to be supported

Gerundive

Derived from root bhṛ (to bear, support) + suffix ya

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

श्रेष्ठतमः (śreṣṭhatamaḥ) - the best (best, most excellent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭhatama

śreṣṭhatama - best, most excellent, supreme

Superlative degree of śreṣṭha (excellent) from praśasya (praiseworthy)

Note: Agrees with 'sakhā'.

सखा (sakhā) - friend (friend, companion)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sakhi

sakhi - friend, companion

Note: A noun of 'i' stem, irregularly declined.

भार्या (bhāryā) - wife (wife, one who is to be supported)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhāryā

bhāryā - wife; one who is to be supported

Gerundive

Derived from root bhṛ (to bear, support) + suffix ya

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

मूलम् (mūlam) - the foundation (root, origin, foundation)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mūla

mūla - root, origin, foundation, source

त्रिवर्गस्य (trivargasya) - of the trivarga (dharma, artha, kāma) (of the group of three, of the triad)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of trivarga

trivarga - the group of three (dharma, artha, kāma)

Compound type : dvigu/tatpurusha (tri+varga)

• tri – three
  numeral (masculine)
• varga – class, group, division
  noun (masculine)

भार्या (bhāryā) - wife (wife, one who is to be supported)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhāryā

bhāryā - wife; one who is to be supported

Gerundive

Derived from root bhṛ (to bear, support) + suffix ya

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

मित्रम् (mitram) - friend (friend, ally)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mitra

mitra - friend, companion, ally; a Vedic deity

मरिष्यतः (mariṣyataḥ) - of one who is facing death (of one who will die, of the dying)

(nominal form)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mariṣyat

mariṣyat - about to die, dying (future active participle)

Future Active Participle

From root mṛ (to die) with future suffix -iṣya + present participle suffix -at

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Genitive singular of the future active participle, used as a substantive.