महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-68, verse-36

भार्यां पतिः संप्रविश्य स यस्माज्जायते पुनः ।
जायाया इति जायात्वं पुराणाः कवयो विदुः ॥३६॥

36. bhāryāṁ patiḥ saṁpraviśya sa yasmājjāyate punaḥ ,
jāyāyā iti jāyātvaṁ purāṇāḥ kavayo viduḥ.

36. bhāryām patiḥ sam praviśya saḥ yasmāt jāyate
punaḥ jāyāyāḥ iti jāyātvam purāṇāḥ kavayaḥ viduḥ

36. Ancient sages know that the essence of "jāyā" (wife) lies in this: because a husband, having entered his wife, is reborn through her.

Words meanings summery:

• भार्याम् (bhāryām) - wife (wife, she who is to be supported)

• पतिः (patiḥ) - husband (husband, lord, master)

• सम् प्रविश्य (sam praviśya) - having entered (his wife) (having entered completely, having fully entered)

• सः (saḥ) - he (the husband) (he, that)

• यस्मात् (yasmāt) - from her, through whom (from whom, from which, because of whom)

• जायते (jāyate) - is born (is born, arises)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, anew, furthermore)

• जायायाः (jāyāyāḥ) - (from the word) "jāyā" (which means wife) (of the wife, from the wife)

• इति (iti) - thus (indicating the explanation) (thus, so, (quotative particle))

• जायात्वम् (jāyātvam) - the essence of a wife (the state of being a wife, wife-ness)

• पुराणाः (purāṇāḥ) - ancient (ancient, old)

• कवयः (kavayaḥ) - sages (sages, poets, wise men)

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they know (they know, they understand)

Words meanings and morphology

भार्याम् (bhāryām) - wife (wife, she who is to be supported)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhāryā

bhāryā - wife, one to be supported/nourished

Gerundive

From root `bhṛ` (to bear, support) with suffix `-ya`

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Object of `sam praviśya`.

पतिः (patiḥ) - husband (husband, lord, master)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - master, lord, husband

Note: Subject of the clause.

सम् प्रविश्य (sam praviśya) - having entered (his wife) (having entered completely, having fully entered)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

From root `viś` with prefixes `sam` and `pra`, and suffix `-ya` for absolutive.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Absolutive verb form.

सः (saḥ) - he (the husband) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to `patiḥ`.

यस्मात् (yasmāt) - from her, through whom (from whom, from which, because of whom)

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Refers to `bhāryā`.

जायते (jāyate) - is born (is born, arises)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jan

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Literally "is born".

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, anew, furthermore)

(indeclinable)

जायायाः (jāyāyāḥ) - (from the word) "jāyā" (which means wife) (of the wife, from the wife)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of jāyā

jāyā - wife

Note: The word `jāyā` itself. The genitive is used to denote the source of the name/concept.

इति (iti) - thus (indicating the explanation) (thus, so, (quotative particle))

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the preceding phrase as a reason or explanation.

जायात्वम् (jāyātvam) - the essence of a wife (the state of being a wife, wife-ness)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jāyātva

jāyātva - the state or condition of being a wife

From `jāyā` + suffix `-tva` (abstract noun suffix)

Note: Object of `viduḥ`.

पुराणाः (purāṇāḥ) - ancient (ancient, old)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of purāṇa

purāṇa - ancient, old, former

Note: Agrees with `kavayaḥ`.

कवयः (kavayaḥ) - sages (sages, poets, wise men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kavi

kavi - sage, poet, wise man

Note: Subject of `viduḥ`.

विदुः (viduḥ) - they know (they know, they understand)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vid

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: From root `vid` (to know).