महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-68, verse-30

यमो वैवस्वतस्तस्य निर्यातयति दुष्कृतम् ।
हृदि स्थितः कर्मसाक्षी क्षेत्रज्ञो यस्य तुष्यति ॥३०॥

30. yamo vaivasvatastasya niryātayati duṣkṛtam ,
hṛdi sthitaḥ karmasākṣī kṣetrajño yasya tuṣyati.

30. yamaḥ vaivasvataḥ tasya niryātayati duṣkṛtam |
hṛdi sthitaḥ karmasākṣī kṣetrajñaḥ yasya tuṣyati

30. Yama, the son of Vivasvat, inflicts punishment for the evil deeds of that person whose kṣetrajña (the inner self), the witness of karma residing in the heart, is pleased (with their actions or repentance).

Words meanings summery:

• यमः (yamaḥ) - Yama (Yama, god of death)

• वैवस्वतः (vaivasvataḥ) - son of Vivasvat (son of Vivasvat (the sun god))

• तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to the person being judged) (his, of him, to him)

• निर्यातयति (niryātayati) - inflicts punishment (causes to be inflicted, punishes, brings forth, extracts)

• दुष्कृतम् (duṣkṛtam) - evil deeds (evil deed, sin, misdeed)

• हृदि (hṛdi) - in the heart (in the heart, in the mind)

• स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - situated, residing (situated, standing, abiding)

• कर्मसाक्षी (karmasākṣī) - the witness of karma (witness of actions)

• क्षेत्रज्ञः (kṣetrajñaḥ) - the kṣetrajña (the inner self) (knower of the field (body), the self, soul)

• यस्य (yasya) - whose (referring to the person) (whose, of whom)

• तुष्यति (tuṣyati) - is pleased (is pleased, is satisfied)

Words meanings and morphology

यमः (yamaḥ) - Yama (Yama, god of death)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yama

yama - Yama (god of death), twin, restraint, self-control

Root: yam (class 1)

वैवस्वतः (vaivasvataḥ) - son of Vivasvat (son of Vivasvat (the sun god))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaivasvata

vaivasvata - relating to Vivasvat, descendant of Vivasvat (like Yama or Manu)

derived from Vivasvat (vivasvat + aṇ)

Note: Qualifies Yama.

तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to the person being judged) (his, of him, to him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to a generic 'nara' (person).

निर्यातयति (niryātayati) - inflicts punishment (causes to be inflicted, punishes, brings forth, extracts)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of niryātay

causal present active

causal of 'yā' with prefix 'nir'

Prefix: nir

Root: yā (class 2)

दुष्कृतम् (duṣkṛtam) - evil deeds (evil deed, sin, misdeed)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of duṣkṛta

duṣkṛta - evil deed, misdeed, sin

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dus+kṛta)

• dus – bad, difficult, evil
  indeclinable
• kṛta – done, made, deed, action
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (from kṛ) used as noun
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of `niryātayati`.

हृदि (hṛdi) - in the heart (in the heart, in the mind)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of hṛd

hṛd - heart, mind, breast

स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - situated, residing (situated, standing, abiding)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, existing, firm

Past Passive Participle

From root sthā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies kṣetrajñaḥ.

कर्मसाक्षी (karmasākṣī) - the witness of karma (witness of actions)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karmasākṣin

karmasākṣin - witness of deeds/actions

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (karma+sākṣin)

• karma – action, deed, ritual, fate
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• sākṣin – witness, spectator
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies kṣetrajñaḥ.

क्षेत्रज्ञः (kṣetrajñaḥ) - the kṣetrajña (the inner self) (knower of the field (body), the self, soul)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣetrajña

kṣetrajña - knower of the field (kṣetra), the soul, the individual self, consciousness

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣetra+jña)

• kṣetra – field, land, place, body
  noun (neuter)
• jña – knowing, knower (from jñā)
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Untranslated as per instructions, with parenthetical explanation.

यस्य (yasya) - whose (referring to the person) (whose, of whom)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Refers to the person whose actions are being judged.

तुष्यति (tuṣyati) - is pleased (is pleased, is satisfied)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of tuṣ

present active

Root tuṣ, 4th class verb

Root: tuṣ (class 4)

Note: Subject is `kṣetrajñaḥ`.