महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-68, verse-29

आदित्यचन्द्रावनिलानलौ च द्यौर्भूमिरापो हृदयं यमश्च ।
अहश्च रात्रिश्च उभे च संध्ये धर्मश्च जानाति नरस्य वृत्तम् ॥२९॥

29. ādityacandrāvanilānalau ca; dyaurbhūmirāpo hṛdayaṁ yamaśca ,
ahaśca rātriśca ubhe ca saṁdhye; dharmaśca jānāti narasya vṛttam.

29. ādityacandrāv anilānalau ca dyauḥ
bhūmiḥ āpaḥ hṛdayam yamaḥ ca |
ahaḥ ca rātriḥ ca ubhe ca saṃdhye
dharmaḥ ca jānāti narasya vṛttam

29. The sun, moon, wind, fire, sky, earth, waters, heart, Yama, day, night, both twilight periods, and dharma – all these know the conduct of a human being.

29. השמש והירח, הרוח והאש, השמיים והארץ, המים, הלב ויַמַה, היום והלילה, שני בין הערביים (הבוקר והערב) וגם החוק הצודק, כולם יודעים מה מעשיו של האדם.

Words meanings summery:

• आदित्यचन्द्राव् (ādityacandrāv) - the sun and the moon (the sun and the moon (dual))

• अनिलानलौ (anilānalau) - the wind and the fire (the wind and the fire (dual))

• च (ca) - and

• द्यौः (dyauḥ) - the sky (sky, heaven)

• भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - the earth (earth, ground)

• आपः (āpaḥ) - the waters (waters, rivers)

• हृदयम् (hṛdayam) - the heart (heart, mind, core)

• यमः (yamaḥ) - Yama (the god of death) (Yama, the god of death; restraint)

• च (ca) - and

• अहः (ahaḥ) - day

• च (ca) - and

• रात्रिः (rātriḥ) - night

• च (ca) - and

• उभे (ubhe) - both (the twilights) (both (feminine/neuter dual))

• च (ca) - and

• संध्ये (saṁdhye) - the two twilight periods (dawn and dusk) (twilights, junctions (dual))

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - dharma (dharma, righteousness, duty, law)

• च (ca) - and

• जानाति (jānāti) - knows (knows, understands)

• नरस्य (narasya) - of a human being (of a man, of a person)

• वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - the conduct (conduct, behavior, action, what has occurred)

Words meanings and morphology

आदित्यचन्द्राव् (ādityacandrāv) - the sun and the moon (the sun and the moon (dual))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ādityacandra

ādityacandra - sun and moon

Compound type : dvandva (āditya+candra)

• āditya – sun, son of Aditi
  noun (masculine)
• candra – moon
  noun (masculine)

अनिलानलौ (anilānalau) - the wind and the fire (the wind and the fire (dual))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of anilānala

anilānala - wind and fire

Compound type : dvandva (anila+anala)

• anila – wind, air
  noun (masculine)
• anala – fire
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

द्यौः (dyauḥ) - the sky (sky, heaven)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dyu

dyu - sky, heaven, day

भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - the earth (earth, ground)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, soil

आपः (āpaḥ) - the waters (waters, rivers)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of ap

ap - water

हृदयम् (hṛdayam) - the heart (heart, mind, core)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of hṛdaya

hṛdaya - heart, mind, soul, core

यमः (yamaḥ) - Yama (the god of death) (Yama, the god of death; restraint)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yama

yama - Yama (god of death), twin, restraint, self-control

Root: yam (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अहः (ahaḥ) - day

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ahan

ahan - day, daytime

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

रात्रिः (rātriḥ) - night

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rātri

rātri - night

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

उभे (ubhe) - both (the twilights) (both (feminine/neuter dual))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, dual of ubha

ubha - both

Note: Refers to 'saṃdhye' (twilights), which is feminine dual.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

संध्ये (saṁdhye) - the two twilight periods (dawn and dusk) (twilights, junctions (dual))

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, dual of saṃdhyā

saṁdhyā - twilight, junction, period connecting day and night

Prefix: sam

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Refers to both dawn and dusk.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - dharma (dharma, righteousness, duty, law)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - dharma, righteousness, duty, law, virtue, cosmic order

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

जानाति (jānāti) - knows (knows, understands)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jñā

present active

Root jñā, 9th class verb (śnā-vikaraṇa)

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: The subject is a collective singular 'dharmaḥ' or implied collective, so singular verb is appropriate.

नरस्य (narasya) - of a human being (of a man, of a person)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, human being, person

Root: nṛ

वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - the conduct (conduct, behavior, action, what has occurred)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vṛtta

vṛtta - conduct, behavior, action, event, accomplished, happened

Past Passive Participle (from vṛt) used as noun

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: The object of 'jānāti'.

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