महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-68, verse-18

सोऽथ श्रुत्वैव तद्वाक्यं तस्या राजा स्मरन्नपि ।
अब्रवीन्न स्मरामीति कस्य त्वं दुष्टतापसि ॥१८॥

18. so'tha śrutvaiva tadvākyaṁ tasyā rājā smarannapi ,
abravīnna smarāmīti kasya tvaṁ duṣṭatāpasi.

18. saḥ atha śrutvā eva tat vākyam tasyāḥ rājā smaran
api abravīt na smarāmi iti kasya tvam duṣṭa tāpasi

18. Then the king, though he remembered her words, replied, 'I do not remember! Whose [daughter] are you, O wicked ascetic woman?'

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (the king) (he, that (masculine nominative))

• अथ (atha) - then (then, now, moreover)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• एव (eva) - just, indeed (indeed, certainly, only, just)

• तत् (tat) - that (that (neuter accusative))

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words (speech, statement, word)

• तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - her (words) (her, of her (feminine genitive))

• राजा (rājā) - the king (king)

• स्मरन् (smaran) - remembering

• अपि (api) - even though, although (also, even, although)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - replied, said (he/she/it spoke/said)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• स्मरामि (smarāmi) - I remember

• इति (iti) - (marks end of direct speech) (thus, so)

• कस्य (kasya) - whose (whose, of what, of whom)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (you (nominative singular))

• दुष्ट (duṣṭa) - wicked (wicked, evil, bad)

• तापसि (tāpasi) - O ascetic woman (O female ascetic)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (the king) (he, that (masculine nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Subject of 'abravīt'.

अथ (atha) - then (then, now, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Particle indicating sequence or commencement.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root śru (to hear) with suffix -tvā.

Root: śru (class 5)

एव (eva) - just, indeed (indeed, certainly, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

Note: Intensifies 'śrutvā'.

तत् (tat) - that (that (neuter accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Refers to 'vākyam'.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words (speech, statement, word)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, statement, sentence, word, utterance

Derived from root vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - her (words) (her, of her (feminine genitive))

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Possessive, refers to Shakuntala.

राजा (rājā) - the king (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Main subject.

स्मरन् (smaran) - remembering

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of smarat

smarat - remembering, recollecting

Present Active Participle

Formed from root smṛ (to remember) with suffix -śatṛ.

Root: smṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'rājā'.

अपि (api) - even though, although (also, even, although)

(indeclinable)

Particle expressing concession or emphasis.

Note: Concessive.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - replied, said (he/she/it spoke/said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect past tense, 3rd person singular, active voice.

Augment 'a-' prefixed to the root 'brū'.

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Main verb.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

Note: Negates 'smarāmi'.

स्मरामि (smarāmi) - I remember

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (lat) of smṛ

Present tense, 1st person singular, active voice.

Root smṛ, parasmaipada, present indicative.

Root: smṛ (class 1)

इति (iti) - (marks end of direct speech) (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

Quotation marker.

Note: Quotation marker.

कस्य (kasya) - whose (whose, of what, of whom)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Interrogative pronoun.

Note: Interrogative.

त्वम् (tvam) - you (you (nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Subject of implied verb 'asi' (are).

दुष्ट (duṣṭa) - wicked (wicked, evil, bad)

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of duṣṭa

duṣṭa - wicked, evil, bad, corrupted, defiled

Past Passive Participle

From root duṣ (to be bad) with suffix -ta.

Root: duṣ (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'tāpasi'.

तापसि (tāpasi) - O ascetic woman (O female ascetic)

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of tāpasī

tāpasī - female ascetic, female devotee

Feminine form of tāpasa (ascetic).

Root: tapas

Note: Addressed by the king.