महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-68, verse-37

यदागमवतः पुंसस्तदपत्यं प्रजायते ।
तत्तारयति संतत्या पूर्वप्रेतान्पितामहान् ॥३७॥

37. yadāgamavataḥ puṁsastadapatyaṁ prajāyate ,
tattārayati saṁtatyā pūrvapretānpitāmahān.

37. yat āgamavataḥ puṃsaḥ tat apatyam prajāyate
tat tārayati santatyā pūrvapretān pitāmahān

37. From a man who adheres to dharma, an offspring is born. That offspring, through the continuation of the lineage, delivers the departed ancestors.

37. כשנולד ילד לאדם בעל מסורת, הוא מושיע באמצעות הצאצאים את אבות אבותיו שמתו קודם.

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - from whom, a man who (which, what, that (relative pronoun))

• आगमवतः (āgamavataḥ) - of a man who adheres to dharma / scripture (of the one possessing knowledge/scripture/tradition)

• पुंसः (puṁsaḥ) - of a man (of a man, from a man)

• तत् (tat) - that (offspring) (that, he, it)

• अपत्यम् (apatyam) - offspring (offspring, child, descendant)

• प्रजायते (prajāyate) - is born (is born, is begotten, comes forth)

• तत् (tat) - that (offspring) (that, he, it)

• तारयति (tārayati) - delivers (he/it causes to cross, delivers, saves)

• सन्तत्या (santatyā) - by the continuation of the lineage (by progeny, by continuous succession, by lineage)

• पूर्वप्रेतान् (pūrvapretān) - the departed ancestors (departed ancestors, those who died before)

• पितामहान् (pitāmahān) - grandfathers / ancestors (grandfathers, ancestors)

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - from whom, a man who (which, what, that (relative pronoun))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Can be translated as "when" or "from whom".

आगमवतः (āgamavataḥ) - of a man who adheres to dharma / scripture (of the one possessing knowledge/scripture/tradition)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of āgamavat

āgamavat - possessing sacred tradition/knowledge, learned

Derived from `āgama` with possessive suffix `-vat`

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `puṃsaḥ`.

पुंसः (puṁsaḥ) - of a man (of a man, from a man)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of puṃs

puṁs - man, male, person

Note: Refers to the father.

तत् (tat) - that (offspring) (that, he, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to `apatyam`.

अपत्यम् (apatyam) - offspring (offspring, child, descendant)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of apatya

apatya - offspring, child, descendant

Note: Subject of `prajāyate`.

प्रजायते (prajāyate) - is born (is born, is begotten, comes forth)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jan

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: With `pra`, implies "is born forth" or "procreated".

तत् (tat) - that (offspring) (that, he, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to `apatyam` again.

तारयति (tārayati) - delivers (he/it causes to cross, delivers, saves)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of tṛ

Causative

Causative form of root `tṛ` (to cross)

Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject is `tat` (the offspring).

सन्तत्या (santatyā) - by the continuation of the lineage (by progeny, by continuous succession, by lineage)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of santati

santati - progeny, continuous line, succession, continuation

Prefix: sam

Root: tan (class 8)

Note: Means by which salvation/delivery occurs.

पूर्वप्रेतान् (pūrvapretān) - the departed ancestors (departed ancestors, those who died before)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pūrvapreta

pūrvapreta - departed ancestors, those who passed away before

Past Passive Participle

Compound of `pūrva` (former) and `preta` (departed, dead - past passive participle of `pra-i` 'to go forth')

Compound type : tatpurusha (pūrva+preta)

• pūrva – former, earlier, prior
  adjective (masculine)
• preta – departed, dead, gone forth
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From `pra-i` (to go forth)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Qualifies `pitāmahān`.

पितामहान् (pitāmahān) - grandfathers / ancestors (grandfathers, ancestors)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - grandfather, ancestor

Note: Object of `tārayati`.

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