योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-29, verse-31

हतं च हन्यमानं च दृश्यते देहचक्रकम् ।
धीरतामलमालम्ब्य घनभ्रममिमं त्यजेत् ॥ ३१ ॥

hataṃ ca hanyamānaṃ ca dṛśyate dehacakrakam ,
dhīratāmalamālambya ghanabhramamimaṃ tyajet 31

31. hatam ca hanyamānam ca dṛśyate dehacakrakam
dhīratām alam ālambya ghanabhramam imam tyajet

31. dehacakrakam hatam ca hanyamānam ca dṛśyate
alam dhīratām ālambya imam ghanabhramam tyajet

31. The cycle of bodies (dehacakrakam) is observed to be destroyed and constantly undergoing destruction. Therefore, one should completely embrace steadfastness (dhīratā) and abandon this profound illusion (bhrama).

Words meanings summery:

• हतम् (hatam) - killed, destroyed

• च (ca) - and

• हन्यमानम् (hanyamānam) - being killed, being destroyed

• च (ca) - and

• दृश्यते (dṛśyate) - is seen, is observed

• देहचक्रकम् (dehacakrakam) - the cycle of bodies, the wheel of the body

• धीरताम् (dhīratām) - steadfastness, fortitude, patience

• अलम् (alam) - sufficiently, completely, fully

• आलम्ब्य (ālambya) - having resorted to, having embraced, having seized

• घनभ्रमम् (ghanabhramam) - dense illusion, profound delusion

• इमम् (imam) - this

• त्यजेत् (tyajet) - one should abandon, one should renounce

Words meanings and morphology

हतम् (hatam) - killed, destroyed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of hata

hata - killed, struck, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root han (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

हन्यमानम् (hanyamānam) - being killed, being destroyed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of hanyamāna

hanyamāna - being killed, being struck

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root han (to strike, kill), passive stem hanyate

Root: han (class 2)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

दृश्यते (dṛśyate) - is seen, is observed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Present tense, passive voice, 3rd person singular

Passive voice form of the root dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

देहचक्रकम् (dehacakrakam) - the cycle of bodies, the wheel of the body

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dehacakraka

dehacakraka - cycle of bodies, wheel of the body

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deha+cakraka)

• deha – body, form
  noun (masculine)
• cakraka – small wheel, cycle
  noun (neuter)

धीरताम् (dhīratām) - steadfastness, fortitude, patience

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dhīratā

dhīratā - steadfastness, fortitude, patience, calmness

अलम् (alam) - sufficiently, completely, fully

(indeclinable)

आलम्ब्य (ālambya) - having resorted to, having embraced, having seized

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (lyap)

Derived from root labh with upasarga ā, forming an absolutive.

Prefix: ā

Root: labh (class 1)

घनभ्रमम् (ghanabhramam) - dense illusion, profound delusion

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ghanabhrama

ghanabhrama - dense illusion, profound delusion

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ghana+bhrama)

• ghana – dense, thick, profound
  adjective
• bhrama – wandering, error, illusion, delusion
  noun (masculine)

इमम् (imam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

त्यजेत् (tyajet) - one should abandon, one should renounce

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of tyaj

Optative mood, 3rd person singular

From root tyaj, optative mood form.

Root: tyaj (class 1)

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