महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-19, verse-54

पादातैराहता नागा विवरेषु समन्ततः ।
चक्रुरार्तस्वरं घोरं व्यद्रवन्त दिशो दश ॥५४॥

54. pādātairāhatā nāgā vivareṣu samantataḥ ,
cakrurārtasvaraṁ ghoraṁ vyadravanta diśo daśa.

54. pādātaiḥ āhatāḥ nāgāḥ vivareṣu samantataḥ cakruḥ
ārta-svaram ghoram vi-adravanta diśaḥ daśa

54. nāgāḥ pādātaiḥ samantataḥ vivareṣu āhatāḥ ghoram
ārta-svaram cakruḥ ca daśa diśaḥ vi-adravanta

54. The elephants, struck on all sides by the foot-soldiers in their pits, let out a terrible cry of distress and fled in all ten directions.

Words meanings summery:

• पादातैः (pādātaiḥ) - by foot-soldiers

• आहताः (āhatāḥ) - struck, wounded, assailed

• नागाः (nāgāḥ) - elephants

• विवरेषु (vivareṣu) - in holes, in pits, in dens

• समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - on all sides, all around

• चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - they made, they did

• आर्त-स्वरम् (ārta-svaram) - a cry of distress, a painful sound

• घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible, dreadful, awful

• वि-अद्रवन्त (vi-adravanta) - they fled, they ran away

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions

• दश (daśa) - ten

Words meanings and morphology

पादातैः (pādātaiḥ) - by foot-soldiers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pādāta

pādāta - foot-soldier, infantry

Root: pad (class 0)

आहताः (āhatāḥ) - struck, wounded, assailed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āhata

āhata - struck, smitten, wounded, hurt

Past Passive Participle

formed from root han with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: han (class 0)

नागाः (nāgāḥ) - elephants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nāga

nāga - serpent, snake, elephant

विवरेषु (vivareṣu) - in holes, in pits, in dens

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of vivara

vivara - hole, cavity, chasm, pit, den

Root: vṛ (class 0)

समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - on all sides, all around

(indeclinable)

चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - they made, they did

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of kṛ

perfect tense, 3rd plural

reduplicated perfect form

Root: kṛ (class 0)

आर्त-स्वरम् (ārta-svaram) - a cry of distress, a painful sound

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ārtasvara

ārtasvara - cry of distress, painful sound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ārta+svara)

• ārta – distressed, afflicted, hurt
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root ṛ with ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ṛ (class 0)
• svara – sound, voice, tone
  noun (masculine)
  Root: svṛ (class 0)

घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible, dreadful, awful

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, formidable

Root: ghūrṇ (class 0)

वि-अद्रवन्त (vi-adravanta) - they fled, they ran away

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of vidru

imperfect tense, 3rd plural (Atmanepada form)

formed from root dru with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: dru (class 0)

दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter, region

Root: diś (class 0)

दश (daśa) - ten

(numeral)