महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-19, verse-71

स्वान्स्वे जघ्नुर्महाराज परांश्चैव समागतान् ।
उभयोः सेनयोर्वीरैर्व्याकुलं समपद्यत ॥७१॥

71. svānsve jaghnurmahārāja parāṁścaiva samāgatān ,
ubhayoḥ senayorvīrairvyākulaṁ samapadyata.

71. svān sve jaghnuḥ mahārāja parān ca eva samāgatān
ubhayoḥ senayoḥ vīraiḥ vyākulam samapadyata

71. mahārāja sve svān ca eva parān samāgatān jaghnuḥ
ubhayoḥ senayoḥ vīraiḥ vyākulam samapadyata

71. O great king, their own men killed their own men, and likewise those enemies who had come together. The scene became chaotic due to the warriors of both armies.

Words meanings summery:

• स्वान् (svān) - one's own men, relatives

• स्वे (sve) - one's own (men, warriors)

• जघ्नुः (jaghnuḥ) - they killed, struck

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• परान् (parān) - others, enemies

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only, just

• समागतान् (samāgatān) - those who had come together, gathered

• उभयोः (ubhayoḥ) - of both

• सेनयोः (senayoḥ) - of armies

• वीरैः (vīraiḥ) - by heroes, by warriors

• व्याकुलम् (vyākulam) - confused, disordered, agitated, bewildered

• समपद्यत (samapadyata) - it became, it resulted, it happened

Words meanings and morphology

स्वान् (svān) - one's own men, relatives

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sva

sva - one's own, self, relative, kin, wealth

Note: Object of 'jaghnuḥ'.

स्वे (sve) - one's own (men, warriors)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sva

sva - one's own, self, relative, kin, wealth

Note: Subject of 'jaghnuḥ'.

जघ्नुः (jaghnuḥ) - they killed, struck

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of han

Perfect Active 3rd Plural

From root han- 'to kill'; Perfect (liṭ), 3rd person, plural, active voice

Root: han (class 2)

Note: The subjects are 'sve' (implied by context as 'warriors').

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addresses Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

परान् (parān) - others, enemies

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of para

para - other, another, enemy, supreme

Note: Object of 'jaghnuḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only, just

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

समागतान् (samāgatān) - those who had come together, gathered

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of samāgata

samāgata - come together, assembled, arrived

Past Passive Participle

From root gam- 'to go' with prefixes sam- and ā-

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'svān' and 'parān'.

उभयोः (ubhayoḥ) - of both

(pronoun)

Genitive, dual of ubhaya

ubhaya - both, of two kinds

Note: Agrees with 'senayoḥ'.

सेनयोः (senayoḥ) - of armies

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, dual of senā

senā - army, host

Note: Refers to the two opposing armies.

वीरैः (vīraiḥ) - by heroes, by warriors

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, warrior, brave

Note: Indicates the agent causing the confusion.

व्याकुलम् (vyākulam) - confused, disordered, agitated, bewildered

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vyākula

vyākula - confused, disordered, agitated, bewildered, crowded

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: kul (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective to the implied subject of 'samapadyata'.

समपद्यत (samapadyata) - it became, it resulted, it happened

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of pad

Imperfect Middle 3rd Singular

From root pad- 'to go' with prefix sam- and ā-; Imperfect (laṅ), 3rd person, singular, middle voice

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Impersonal use, "it became chaotic".