महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-19, verse-35

ताञ्जित्वा समरे जिष्णुः संशप्तकगणान्बहून् ।
रराज स महाराज विधूमोऽग्निरिव ज्वलन् ॥३५॥

35. tāñjitvā samare jiṣṇuḥ saṁśaptakagaṇānbahūn ,
rarāja sa mahārāja vidhūmo'gniriva jvalan.

35. tān jitvā samare jiṣṇuḥ saṃśaptakagaṇān bahūn
rarāja saḥ mahārāja vidhūmaḥ agniḥ iva jvalan

35. mahārāja,
saḥ jiṣṇuḥ samare tān bahūn saṃśaptakagaṇān jitvā vidhūmaḥ jvalan agniḥ iva rarāja

35. O great king, having conquered those many groups of Saṃśaptakas in battle, the Victorious (Jiṣṇuḥ) Arjuna shone like a blazing, smokeless fire.

Words meanings summery:

• तान् (tān) - those

• जित्वा (jitvā) - having conquered, after conquering

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

• जिष्णुः (jiṣṇuḥ) - the Victorious (Arjuna) (victorious, the Victorious (Arjuna))

• संशप्तकगणान् (saṁśaptakagaṇān) - groups of Saṃśaptakas

• बहून् (bahūn) - many

• रराज (rarāja) - he shone, he blazed, he was radiant

• सः (saḥ) - he

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• विधूमः (vidhūmaḥ) - smokeless

• अग्निः (agniḥ) - fire

• इव (iva) - like, as

• ज्वलन् (jvalan) - blazing, burning

Words meanings and morphology

तान् (tān) - those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of 'jitvā'.

जित्वा (jitvā) - having conquered, after conquering

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'ji' (to conquer) with ktvā suffix.

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Precedes the main verb 'rarāja'.

समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict, encounter

Note: Specifies the location of the action.

जिष्णुः (jiṣṇuḥ) - the Victorious (Arjuna) (victorious, the Victorious (Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jiṣṇu

jiṣṇu - victorious, conquering, an epithet of Arjuna and Indra

From root 'ji' (to conquer) with suffix '-sṇu'.

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'rarāja'.

संशप्तकगणान् (saṁśaptakagaṇān) - groups of Saṃśaptakas

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of saṃśaptakagaṇa

saṁśaptakagaṇa - group of those who have taken a mutual oath (Saṃśaptakas)

Compound type : tatpurusha (saṃśaptaka+gaṇa)

• saṃśaptaka – one who has taken a mutual oath, a specific division of the Kaurava army that vowed to kill Arjuna
  noun (masculine)
  From 'sam' (together) + 'śapta' (sworn, vowed).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: śap (class 1)
• gaṇa – group, multitude, troop, collection
  noun (masculine)
  Root: gaṇ (class 10)

Note: Object of 'jitvā'.

बहून् (bahūn) - many

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous

रराज (rarāja) - he shone, he blazed, he was radiant

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of rārāj

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

From root 'rāj' (to shine, to rule) with reduplication in the perfect tense (liṭ).

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject.

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

From 'mahā' (great) + 'rāja' (king).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
  Feminine stem of 'mahat' or prefix meaning 'great'.
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

विधूमः (vidhūmaḥ) - smokeless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidhūma

vidhūma - smokeless, free from smoke

From 'vi' (without) + 'dhūma' (smoke).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+dhūma)

• vi – without, apart, intensely
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating negation or separation.
• dhūma – smoke, vapor
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhū (class 1)

Note: Describes 'agniḥ'.

अग्निः (agniḥ) - fire

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, the god of fire

Root: ag

Note: Part of the simile.

इव (iva) - like, as

(indeclinable)

Particle used for comparison.

ज्वलन् (jvalan) - blazing, burning

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jvalat

jvalat - blazing, burning, shining

Present Active Participle

From root 'jval' (to burn, shine) with Śatṛ suffix.

Root: jval (class 1)

Note: Describes 'agniḥ'.