महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-19, verse-63

उद्यम्य च भुजावन्यो निक्षिप्य च महीतले ।
पदा चोरः समाक्रम्य स्फुरतो व्यहनच्छिरः ॥६३॥

63. udyamya ca bhujāvanyo nikṣipya ca mahītale ,
padā coraḥ samākramya sphurato vyahanacchiraḥ.

63. udyamya ca bhujau anyaḥ nikṣipya ca mahītale
padā ca uraḥ samākramya sphurataḥ vyahanat śiraḥ

63. anyaḥ (yodhā) bhujau उद्यम्य ca महीतले निक्षिप्य ca,
पदा ca उरः समाक्रम्य,
स्फुरतः (शत्रोः) शिरः व्यहनत्

63. Another (warrior), raising his arms and throwing (the opponent) to the ground, then stepped on his chest with his foot and struck off the head of the struggling (foe).

Words meanings summery:

• उद्यम्य (udyamya) - having raised, having lifted

• च (ca) - and

• भुजौ (bhujau) - two arms

• अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another warrior (implied from context of battle) (another, other)

• निक्षिप्य (nikṣipya) - having thrown down, having cast down, having placed

• च (ca) - and

• महीतले (mahītale) - on the ground, on the earth

• पदा (padā) - with the foot

• च (ca) - and

• उरः (uraḥ) - chest, breast

• समाक्रम्य (samākramya) - having stepped upon, having assailed, having overcome

• स्फुरतः (sphurataḥ) - of the struggling foe (of the trembling one, of the struggling one, of the throbbing one)

• व्यहनत् (vyahanat) - he struck, he killed

• शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

Words meanings and morphology

उद्यम्य (udyamya) - having raised, having lifted

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of root 'yam' (to restrain, hold) with prefix 'ud'.

Prefix: ud

Root: yam (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects actions.

भुजौ (bhujau) - two arms

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of bhuja

bhuja - arm, hand

Note: Object of 'udyamya'.

अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another warrior (implied from context of battle) (another, other)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Subject of the sentence.

निक्षिप्य (nikṣipya) - having thrown down, having cast down, having placed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of root 'kṣip' (to throw) with prefix 'ni'.

Prefix: ni

Root: kṣip (class 6)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'udyamya' and 'nikṣipya'.

महीतले (mahītale) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of mahītala

mahītala - the surface of the earth, ground

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahī+tala)

• mahī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• tala – surface, ground, bottom
  noun (neuter)

Note: Location where the opponent is thrown.

पदा (padā) - with the foot

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pad

pad - foot, step, mark

Note: Instrument for stepping.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the action of stepping with the previous actions.

उरः (uraḥ) - chest, breast

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uras

uras - chest, breast, front

Note: Object of 'samākramya'.

समाक्रम्य (samākramya) - having stepped upon, having assailed, having overcome

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of root 'kram' (to step) with prefixes 'sam' and 'ā'.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: kram (class 1)

स्फुरतः (sphurataḥ) - of the struggling foe (of the trembling one, of the struggling one, of the throbbing one)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sphurat

sphurat - trembling, throbbing, struggling, flashing

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of root 'sphur' (to throb, tremble).

Root: sphur (class 6)

Note: Qualifies an implied 'śatroḥ' (of the enemy).

व्यहनत् (vyahanat) - he struck, he killed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of vihan

Imperfect Active

Imperfect 3rd person singular of root 'han' (to strike, kill) with prefix 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, top, summit

Note: Object of 'vyahanat'.