महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-19, verse-44

अथ पाण्डुसुताः सर्वे परिवार्य युधिष्ठिरम् ।
अभ्ययुः समरे राजंस्ततो युद्धमवर्तत ॥४४॥

44. atha pāṇḍusutāḥ sarve parivārya yudhiṣṭhiram ,
abhyayuḥ samare rājaṁstato yuddhamavartata.

44. atha pāṇḍu-sutāḥ sarve parivārya yudhiṣṭhiram
abhyayuḥ samare rājan tataḥ yuddham avartata

44. atha rājan sarve pāṇḍu-sutāḥ yudhiṣṭhiram
parivārya samare abhyayuḥ tataḥ yuddham avartata

44. Then, O King, all the sons of Pāṇḍu, having surrounded Yudhiṣṭhira, advanced into battle. Consequently, a combat (yuddha) ensued.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• पाण्डु-सुताः (pāṇḍu-sutāḥ) - The Pāṇḍavas (sons of Pāṇḍu)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

• परिवार्य (parivārya) - having surrounded

• युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhiṣṭhira

• अभ्ययुः (abhyayuḥ) - they approached, they advanced

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

• राजन् (rājan) - A form of address to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O king)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, thence

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - combat (yuddha) (battle, fight)

• अवर्तत (avartata) - it ensued, it happened, it took place

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

पाण्डु-सुताः (pāṇḍu-sutāḥ) - The Pāṇḍavas (sons of Pāṇḍu)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍu-suta

pāṇḍu-suta - son of Pāṇḍu

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāṇḍu+suta)

• pāṇḍu – Pāṇḍu (proper noun)
  proper noun (masculine)
• suta – son
  noun (masculine)

सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

परिवार्य (parivārya) - having surrounded

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root vṛ (to cover, enclose) with prefix pari

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 1)

युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (proper noun), steady in battle

अभ्ययुः (abhyayuḥ) - they approached, they advanced

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past aorist (luṅ) of abhi-i

Aorist/Imperfect Active

Aorist/Imperfect (luṅ/laṅ) 3rd person plural active, with prefix abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: i (class 2)

समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, combat

राजन् (rājan) - A form of address to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, thence

(indeclinable)

युद्धम् (yuddham) - combat (yuddha) (battle, fight)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war, combat

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

अवर्तत (avartata) - it ensued, it happened, it took place

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of vṛt

Imperfect Middle

Imperfect (laṅ) 3rd person singular middle voice

Root: vṛt (class 1)