महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-19, verse-51

नागा हयान्समासाद्य विक्षिपन्तो बहूनथ ।
द्रावयामासुरत्युग्रास्तत्र तत्र तदा तदा ॥५१॥

51. nāgā hayānsamāsādya vikṣipanto bahūnatha ,
drāvayāmāsuratyugrāstatra tatra tadā tadā.

51. nāgāḥ hayān samāsādya vikṣipantaḥ bahūn atha
drāvayāmāsuḥ atyugrāḥ tatra tatra tadā tadā

51. atha atyugrāḥ nāgāḥ hayān samāsādya bahūn
vikṣipantaḥ tatra tatra tadā tadā drāvayāmāsuḥ

51. Then, the exceedingly fierce elephants, having attacked many horses and scattered them, repeatedly put them to flight everywhere.

Words meanings summery:

• नागाः (nāgāḥ) - the elephants (in battle) (elephants, serpents)

• हयान् (hayān) - horses

• समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having attacked (having approached, having obtained, having met)

• विक्षिपन्तः (vikṣipantaḥ) - scattering (the horses) (scattering, throwing about, trampling)

• बहून् (bahūn) - many, numerous

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon (then, now, moreover)

• द्रावयामासुः (drāvayāmāsuḥ) - they caused to flee, they put to flight

• अत्युग्राः (atyugrāḥ) - exceedingly fierce, extremely terrible

• तत्र तत्र (tatra tatra) - here and there, in various places

• तदा तदा (tadā tadā) - constantly, repeatedly (then and then, repeatedly, constantly)

Words meanings and morphology

नागाः (nāgāḥ) - the elephants (in battle) (elephants, serpents)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nāga

nāga - serpent, snake, elephant, a mountain

हयान् (hayān) - horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse

Root: hī (class 5)

Note: Object of samāsādya and vikṣipantaḥ.

समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having attacked (having approached, having obtained, having met)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root √sad (to sit, go) with prefixes sam-, ā- and suffix -ya.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sad (class 1)

विक्षिपन्तः (vikṣipantaḥ) - scattering (the horses) (scattering, throwing about, trampling)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vikṣipat

vikṣipat - scattering, throwing, trampling

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √kṣip (to throw) with prefix vi- and suffix -śatṛ.

Prefix: vi

Root: kṣip (class 6)

बहून् (bahūn) - many, numerous

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon (then, now, moreover)

(indeclinable)

द्रावयामासुः (drāvayāmāsuḥ) - they caused to flee, they put to flight

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of drāv

Periphrastic Perfect Active (Causative)

3rd person plural, Periphrastic Perfect tense, active voice. Causative of dru (to run). Formed with secondary conjugation drāvaya and auxiliary verb ās.

Root: dru (class 1)

अत्युग्राः (atyugrāḥ) - exceedingly fierce, extremely terrible

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of atyugra

atyugra - exceedingly fierce, very terrible, extremely violent

Compound formed from ati (excessively) and ugra (fierce).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ati+ugra)

• ati – over, beyond, excessively, very
  indeclinable
• ugra – fierce, terrible, violent, powerful
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)

तत्र तत्र (tatra tatra) - here and there, in various places

(indeclinable)

Derived from tad with the suffix -tra. Repetition indicates distribution.

Note: Adverb of place, indicating distribution.

तदा तदा (tadā tadā) - constantly, repeatedly (then and then, repeatedly, constantly)

(indeclinable)

Derived from tad with the suffix -dā. Repetition indicates frequency.

Note: Adverb of time, indicating repetition.