महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-19, verse-38

स च तं प्रतिविव्याध नवभिर्निशितैः शरैः ।
सारथिं चास्य भल्लेन भृशं क्रुद्धोऽभ्यताडयत् ॥३८॥

38. sa ca taṁ prativivyādha navabhirniśitaiḥ śaraiḥ ,
sārathiṁ cāsya bhallena bhṛśaṁ kruddho'bhyatāḍayat.

38. saḥ ca tam prativivyādha navabhiḥ niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ
sārathim ca asya bhallena bhṛśam kruddhaḥ abhyatāḍayat

38. ca saḥ tam navabhiḥ niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ prativivyādha ca
kruddhaḥ bhṛśam asya sārathim bhallena abhyatāḍayat

38. And he (Duryodhana) struck him (Yudhiṣṭhira) back with nine sharp arrows. Greatly enraged, he also forcefully struck Yudhiṣṭhira's charioteer with a broad-headed arrow.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Duryodhana (he, that)

• च (ca) - and, also

• तम् (tam) - Yudhiṣṭhira (him, that)

• प्रतिविव्याध (prativivyādha) - Duryodhana pierced Yudhiṣṭhira back (he pierced back, he struck back)

• नवभिः (navabhiḥ) - with nine arrows (by/with nine)

• निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - sharp arrows (sharpened, keen, sharp)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by/with arrows

• सारथिम् (sārathim) - Yudhiṣṭhira's charioteer (charioteer)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अस्य (asya) - of Yudhiṣṭhira (his, of him)

• भल्लेन (bhallena) - with a broad-headed arrow

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, exceedingly, strongly

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - Duryodhana, being enraged (angry, enraged)

• अभ्यताडयत् (abhyatāḍayat) - Duryodhana struck (he struck, he hit)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Duryodhana (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Nominative singular masculine of tad.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

तम् (tam) - Yudhiṣṭhira (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Accusative singular masculine of tad.

प्रतिविव्याध (prativivyādha) - Duryodhana pierced Yudhiṣṭhira back (he pierced back, he struck back)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of prativivyādh

Perfect

Derived from root vyadh with upasarga prati

Prefix: prati

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: 3rd person singular perfect active of root vyadh with prati.

नवभिः (navabhiḥ) - with nine arrows (by/with nine)

(numeral)

Note: Instrumental plural.

निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - sharp arrows (sharpened, keen, sharp)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niśita

niśita - sharpened, keen, sharp

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śo (to sharpen) with upasarga ni

Prefix: ni

Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Instrumental plural masculine, modifying śaraiḥ.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by/with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Root: śṝ

Note: Instrumental plural masculine.

सारथिम् (sārathim) - Yudhiṣṭhira's charioteer (charioteer)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sārathi

sārathi - charioteer, guide

Note: Accusative singular masculine.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

अस्य (asya) - of Yudhiṣṭhira (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Genitive singular masculine of idam.

भल्लेन (bhallena) - with a broad-headed arrow

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhalla

bhalla - broad-headed arrow, spear

Note: Instrumental singular masculine.

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, exceedingly, strongly

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb.

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - Duryodhana, being enraged (angry, enraged)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged, wrathful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root krudh

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Nominative singular masculine, referring to saḥ.

अभ्यताडयत् (abhyatāḍayat) - Duryodhana struck (he struck, he hit)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhyatāḍayat

Imperfect

Derived from root tāḍ (to strike) with upasarga abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: tāḍ (class 10)

Note: 3rd person singular imperfect active of root tāḍ (causative) with abhi.