महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-19, verse-57

प्रतिमानेषु कुम्भेषु दन्तवेष्टेषु चापरे ।
निगृहीता भृशं नागाः प्रासतोमरशक्तिभिः ॥५७॥

57. pratimāneṣu kumbheṣu dantaveṣṭeṣu cāpare ,
nigṛhītā bhṛśaṁ nāgāḥ prāsatomaraśaktibhiḥ.

57. pratimāneṣu kumbheṣu dantaveṣṭeṣu ca apare
nigṛhītāḥ bhṛśam nāgāḥ prāsatoṃmaraśaktibhiḥ

57. apare nāgāḥ pratimāneṣu kumbheṣu dantaveṣṭeṣu
ca prāsatoṃmaraśaktibhiḥ bhṛśam nigṛhītāḥ

57. And other elephants, struck on their frontal globes, face coverings, and tusk sheaths, were fiercely restrained by javelins, lances, and spears.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रतिमानेषु (pratimāneṣu) - on the face-coverings (of elephants) (on the face-shields, on the ornaments, on the measures)

• कुम्भेषु (kumbheṣu) - on the frontal globes (of elephants) (on the pots, on the globes, on the temples)

• दन्तवेष्टेषु (dantaveṣṭeṣu) - on the tusk-coverings

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपरे (apare) - others

• निगृहीताः (nigṛhītāḥ) - seized, restrained, subdued

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, fiercely, excessively

• नागाः (nāgāḥ) - elephants (elephants, serpents)

• प्रासतोंमरशक्तिभिः (prāsatoṁmaraśaktibhiḥ) - by javelins, lances, and spears

Words meanings and morphology

प्रतिमानेषु (pratimāneṣu) - on the face-coverings (of elephants) (on the face-shields, on the ornaments, on the measures)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of pratimāna

pratimāna - measure, image, simile, face-shield, frontal ornament

कुम्भेषु (kumbheṣu) - on the frontal globes (of elephants) (on the pots, on the globes, on the temples)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of kumbha

kumbha - water pot, frontal globe on an elephant's head, measure

दन्तवेष्टेषु (dantaveṣṭeṣu) - on the tusk-coverings

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of dantaveṣṭa

dantaveṣṭa - tusk-sheath, tusk-covering

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (danta+veṣṭa)

• danta – tooth, tusk
  noun (masculine)
• veṣṭa – covering, wrapper, anything encircling
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपरे (apare) - others

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apara

apara - other, another, subsequent

Note: Agrees with 'nāgāḥ'

निगृहीताः (nigṛhītāḥ) - seized, restrained, subdued

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nigṛhīta

nigṛhīta - seized, caught, restrained, subdued

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'grah' (to seize) with prefix 'ni'

Prefix: ni

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Agrees with 'nāgāḥ'

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, fiercely, excessively

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as an adverb modifying 'nigṛhītāḥ'

नागाः (nāgāḥ) - elephants (elephants, serpents)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nāga

nāga - serpent, cobra, elephant, mountain

प्रासतोंमरशक्तिभिः (prāsatoṁmaraśaktibhiḥ) - by javelins, lances, and spears

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of prāsatoṃmaraśakti

prāsatoṁmaraśakti - javelin, lance, and spear

Compound type : dvandva (prāsa+tomara+śakti)

• prāsa – javelin, dart
  noun (masculine)
• tomara – lance, spear
  noun (masculine)
• śakti – spear, dart, power (śakti)
  noun (feminine)