महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-18, verse-67

अथैनं छिन्नधन्वानं भग्नशृङ्गमिवर्षभम् ।
अशीत्या मार्गणैः क्रुद्धो बाह्वोरुरसि चार्दयत् ॥६७॥

67. athainaṁ chinnadhanvānaṁ bhagnaśṛṅgamivarṣabham ,
aśītyā mārgaṇaiḥ kruddho bāhvorurasi cārdayat.

67. atha enam chinnadhanvānam bhagnaśṛṅgam iva ṛṣabham
aśītyā mārgaṇaiḥ kruddhaḥ bāhvoḥ urasi ca ārdayat

67. atha kruddhaḥ enam chinnadhanvānam bhagnaśṛṅgam
ṛṣabham iva aśītyā mārgaṇaiḥ bāhvoḥ ca urasi ārdayat

67. Then, enraged, he tormented him—whose bow was cut, like a bull with broken horns—wounding him with eighty arrows on his arms and chest.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then (then, now, thereupon)

• एनम् (enam) - him (the opponent) (him, this one)

• छिन्नधन्वानम् (chinnadhanvānam) - whose bow was cut (describing the opponent) (whose bow is cut, having a broken bow)

• भग्नशृङ्गम् (bhagnaśṛṅgam) - with broken horns (describing the bull, simile for the opponent) (with broken horns, having broken horns)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as if, as it were)

• ऋषभम् (ṛṣabham) - a bull (a bull, a chief, an excellent one)

• अशीत्या (aśītyā) - with eighty (arrows) (with eighty)

• मार्गणैः (mārgaṇaiḥ) - with arrows (with arrows, by means of arrows)

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (describing the subject) (enraged, angry, furious)

• बाह्वोः (bāhvoḥ) - on his arms (on the two arms, of the two arms)

• उरसि (urasi) - on his chest (on the chest, in the breast)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• आर्दयत् (ārdayat) - he tormented (he tormented, he hurt, he pained)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then (then, now, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - him (the opponent) (him, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, he, she, it (used for emphasis)

Note: Refers to the opponent whose bow was cut.

छिन्नधन्वानम् (chinnadhanvānam) - whose bow was cut (describing the opponent) (whose bow is cut, having a broken bow)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of chinnadhanvan

chinnadhanvan - whose bow is cut, having a broken bow

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (chinna+dhanvan)

• chinna – cut, broken
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP from root chid
  Root: chid (class 7)
• dhanvan – bow
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with enam.

भग्नशृङ्गम् (bhagnaśṛṅgam) - with broken horns (describing the bull, simile for the opponent) (with broken horns, having broken horns)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhagnaśṛṅga

bhagnaśṛṅga - with broken horns, having broken horns

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhagna+śṛṅga)

• bhagna – broken, shattered
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP from root bhañj
  Root: bhañj (class 7)
• śṛṅga – horn, peak
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with enam via ṛṣabham.

इव (iva) - like (like, as if, as it were)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates a simile.

ऋषभम् (ṛṣabham) - a bull (a bull, a chief, an excellent one)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ṛṣabha

ṛṣabha - bull, chief, best of its kind

Note: Object of comparison.

अशीत्या (aśītyā) - with eighty (arrows) (with eighty)

(numeral)

Note: Refers to the quantity of arrows.

मार्गणैः (mārgaṇaiḥ) - with arrows (with arrows, by means of arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mārgaṇa

mārgaṇa - arrow, seeker, inquirer

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (describing the subject) (enraged, angry, furious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - enraged, angry, furious

Past Passive Participle

PPP from root krudh

Root: krudh (class 4)

बाह्वोः (bāhvoḥ) - on his arms (on the two arms, of the two arms)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, dual of bāhu

bāhu - arm, fore-arm

Note: Location of torment.

उरसि (urasi) - on his chest (on the chest, in the breast)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of uras

uras - chest, breast, heart

Note: Location of torment.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'arms' and 'chest'.

आर्दयत् (ārdayat) - he tormented (he tormented, he hurt, he pained)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of ard

Imperfect tense, parasmaipada, of root ard (class 10, caus. of ṛ).

Root: ard (class 10)

Note: The 'ā' is augment for past tense.