महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-18, verse-22

हताश्वो विरथश्चैव छिन्नधन्वा च मारिष ।
धन्वी धनुर्वरं गृह्य रथाद्भूमावतिष्ठत ।
व्यसृजत्सायकांश्चैव स्वर्णपुङ्खाञ्शिलाशितान् ॥२२॥

22. hatāśvo virathaścaiva chinnadhanvā ca māriṣa ,
dhanvī dhanurvaraṁ gṛhya rathādbhūmāvatiṣṭhata ,
vyasṛjatsāyakāṁścaiva svarṇapuṅkhāñśilāśitān.

22. hatāśvaḥ virathaḥ ca eva chinnadhanvā
ca māriṣa dhanvī dhanurvaram gṛhya
rathāt bhūmau atiṣṭhata vyasṛjat
sāyakān ca eva svarṇapuṅkhān śilāśitān

22. māriṣa hatāśvaḥ ca virathaḥ ca eva
chinnadhanvā ca dhanvī dhanurvaram
gṛhya rathāt bhūmau atiṣṭhata ca eva
svarṇapuṅkhān śilāśitān sāyakān vyasṛjat

22. O respected one, with his horses killed, chariot destroyed, and bow broken, the archer (the opponent warrior) then took up an excellent bow and stood on the ground. He released arrows with golden shafts, sharpened on stone.

Words meanings summery:

• हताश्वः (hatāśvaḥ) - (the warrior) whose horses were killed (whose horses are killed, having killed horses)

• विरथः (virathaḥ) - without a chariot, dismounted

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• छिन्नधन्वा (chinnadhanvā) - (the warrior) whose bow was broken (whose bow is cut/broken)

• च (ca) - and, also

• मारिष (māriṣa) - O respected Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O respected one, O noble one)

• धन्वी (dhanvī) - (the opponent warrior) the archer (archer, bowman)

• धनुर्वरम् (dhanurvaram) - excellent bow

• गृह्य (gṛhya) - having taken, taking

• रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

• अतिष्ठत (atiṣṭhata) - stood, remained

• व्यसृजत् (vyasṛjat) - released, discharged

• सायकान् (sāyakān) - arrows

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• स्वर्णपुङ्खान् (svarṇapuṅkhān) - with golden shafts/feathers

• शिलाशितान् (śilāśitān) - sharpened on stone

Words meanings and morphology

हताश्वः (hatāśvaḥ) - (the warrior) whose horses were killed (whose horses are killed, having killed horses)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hatāśva

hatāśva - having killed horses; whose horses are killed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+aśva)

• hata – killed, struck
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From √han (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

विरथः (virathaḥ) - without a chariot, dismounted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viratha

viratha - without a chariot, chariotless

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+ratha)

• vi – without, apart, away
  indeclinable
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

छिन्नधन्वा (chinnadhanvā) - (the warrior) whose bow was broken (whose bow is cut/broken)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of chinnadhanvan

chinnadhanvan - whose bow is cut or broken

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (chinna+dhanvan)

• chinna – cut, broken, torn
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From √chid (to cut, cleave)
  Root: chid (class 7)
• dhanvan – bow
  noun (neuter)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मारिष (māriṣa) - O respected Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O respected one, O noble one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of māriṣa

māriṣa - a respectable person, noble one

धन्वी (dhanvī) - (the opponent warrior) the archer (archer, bowman)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanvin

dhanvin - archer, bowman, possessing a bow

From dhanvan (bow) + -in (possessive suffix)

धनुर्वरम् (dhanurvaram) - excellent bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanurvara

dhanurvara - excellent bow, best bow

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhanus+vara)

• dhanus – bow
  noun (neuter)
• vara – excellent, best, boon
  adjective

गृह्य (gṛhya) - having taken, taking

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive form from √grah (class 9)

Root: grah (class 9)

रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

अतिष्ठत (atiṣṭhata) - stood, remained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of sthā

Imperfect Active

3rd person singular imperfect active of √sthā (class 1). The initial 'a' is the augment for the imperfect tense.

Root: sthā (class 1)

व्यसृजत् (vyasṛjat) - released, discharged

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of sṛj

Imperfect Active

3rd person singular imperfect active of √sṛj (class 6) with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: sṛj (class 6)

सायकान् (sāyakān) - arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sāyaka

sāyaka - arrow, dart

From √si (to bind) or √sā (to pierce) + suffix -aka

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

स्वर्णपुङ्खान् (svarṇapuṅkhān) - with golden shafts/feathers

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of svarṇapuṅkha

svarṇapuṅkha - having golden shafts (of an arrow)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (svarṇa+puṅkha)

• svarṇa – gold
  noun (neuter)
• puṅkha – shaft, feather (of an arrow)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'sāyakān'.

शिलाशितान् (śilāśitān) - sharpened on stone

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śilāśita

śilāśita - sharpened on a stone

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śilā+śita)

• śilā – stone, rock
  noun (feminine)
• śita – sharpened, keen
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From √śo (to sharpen)
  Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'sāyakān'.