महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-18, verse-25

तत्रातुष्यन्त योधाश्च सिद्धाश्चापि दिवि स्थिताः ।
सुतसोमस्य तत्कर्म दृष्ट्वाश्रद्धेयमद्भुतम् ।
रथस्थं नृपतिं तं तु पदातिः सन्नयोधयत् ॥२५॥

25. tatrātuṣyanta yodhāśca siddhāścāpi divi sthitāḥ ,
sutasomasya tatkarma dṛṣṭvāśraddheyamadbhutam ,
rathasthaṁ nṛpatiṁ taṁ tu padātiḥ sannayodhayat.

25. tatra ātuṣyanta yodhāḥ ca siddhāḥ ca
api divi sthitāḥ sutasomasya tat karma
dṛṣṭvā aśraddheyam adbhutam rathastham
nṛpatim tam tu padātiḥ san ayodhayat

25. tatra divi sthitāḥ yodhāḥ ca siddhāḥ
ca api sutasomasya tat aśraddheyam
adbhutam karma dṛṣṭvā ātuṣyanta tu padātiḥ
san tam rathastham nṛpatim ayodhayat

25. The warriors and even the perfected beings (siddhas) residing in heaven were greatly pleased there, having witnessed that incredible and amazing feat of Sutasoma. For, though on foot, he fought that king who was mounted on a chariot.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• आतुष्यन्त (ātuṣyanta) - they were pleased, they rejoiced

• योधाः (yodhāḥ) - warriors, fighters

• च (ca) - and

• सिद्धाः (siddhāḥ) - perfected beings, accomplished ones

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• दिवि (divi) - in heaven, in the sky

• स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - situated, standing, dwelling

• सुतसोमस्य (sutasomasya) - of Sutasoma

• तत् (tat) - that

• कर्म (karma) - deed, action, work

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• अश्रद्धेयम् (aśraddheyam) - incredible, unbelievable

• अद्भुतम् (adbhutam) - wonderful, amazing, marvelous

• रथस्थम् (rathastham) - situated in a chariot, chariot-borne

• नृपतिम् (nṛpatim) - king, ruler

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• पदातिः (padātiḥ) - foot-soldier, infantryman, pedestrian

• सन् (san) - being, existing

• अयोधयत् (ayodhayat) - he fought

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

From pronominal stem 'tad' (that) + 'tral' suffix indicating location.

आतुष्यन्त (ātuṣyanta) - they were pleased, they rejoiced

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of tuṣ

Imperfect Active Third Person Plural

Root 'tuṣ' (4th class, P), with prefix 'ā'. Imperfect tense.

Prefix: ā

Root: tuṣ (class 4)

योधाः (yodhāḥ) - warriors, fighters

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yodha

yodha - warrior, fighter

From root 'yudh' (to fight) + 'a' suffix.

Root: yudh (class 4)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

सिद्धाः (siddhāḥ) - perfected beings, accomplished ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of siddha

siddha - perfected, accomplished, successful; a class of semi-divine beings (siddhas)

Past Passive Participle

From root 'sidh' (to accomplish, succeed) + 'kta' suffix (past passive participle).

Root: sidh (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

दिवि (divi) - in heaven, in the sky

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of div

div - heaven, sky, day

स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - situated, standing, dwelling

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, abiding, fixed

Past Passive Participle

From root 'sthā' (to stand, be) + 'kta' suffix (past passive participle).

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'siddhāḥ' and 'yodhāḥ'.

सुतसोमस्य (sutasomasya) - of Sutasoma

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sutasoma

sutasoma - Sutasoma (a proper name, son of Bhima and Draupadi)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

Note: Adjective to 'karma'.

कर्म (karma) - deed, action, work

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - deed, action, work, ritual action, consequence of actions (karma)

From root 'kṛ' (to do) + 'man' suffix.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

From root 'dṛś' (to see) + 'ktvā' suffix.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

अश्रद्धेयम् (aśraddheyam) - incredible, unbelievable

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aśraddheya

aśraddheya - unbelievable, incredible, not to be trusted

Gerundive

Negative particle 'a' + 'śraddheya' (from 'śraddhā' - faith, belief; 'śraddhā' + 'eya' suffix for 'to be believed').

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+śraddheya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• śraddheya – to be believed, credible
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive
  From 'śraddhā' (faith, belief) + 'eya' suffix.

Note: Agrees with 'karma'.

अद्भुतम् (adbhutam) - wonderful, amazing, marvelous

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of adbhuta

adbhuta - wonderful, amazing, marvelous, prodigious

Note: Agrees with 'karma'.

रथस्थम् (rathastham) - situated in a chariot, chariot-borne

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rathastha

rathastha - standing in a chariot, chariot-borne

Compound type : saptamī-tatpuruṣa (ratha+stha)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
• stha – standing, staying, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'sthā' (to stand) + 'ḍa' suffix.
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'nṛpatim'.

नृपतिम् (nṛpatim) - king, ruler

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nṛpati

nṛpati - king, ruler, lord of men

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pati)

• nṛ – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• pati – master, lord, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'ayodhayat'.

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, him

Note: Agrees with 'nṛpatim'.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

पदातिः (padātiḥ) - foot-soldier, infantryman, pedestrian

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of padāti

padāti - foot-soldier, pedestrian, one who goes on foot

Note: Subject of 'ayodhayat' and 'san'.

सन् (san) - being, existing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sat

sat - being, existing, good, real, true

Present Active Participle

From root 'as' (to be) + 'śatṛ' suffix (present active participle).

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'padātiḥ'.

अयोधयत् (ayodhayat) - he fought

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of yudh

Imperfect Active Third Person Singular (Causative)

From root 'yudh' (4th class, Ā) in causative form ('yodhi') + 'a' prefix for imperfect. Here it is used in active voice for fighting.

Root: yudh (class 4)