महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-31, verse-74

रथैर्द्विपा द्विरदवरैर्महाहया हयैर्नरा वररथिभिश्च वाजिनः ।
निरस्तजिह्वादशनेक्षणाः क्षितौ क्षयं गताः प्रमथितवर्मभूषणाः ॥७४॥

74. rathairdvipā dviradavarairmahāhayā; hayairnarā vararathibhiśca vājinaḥ ,
nirastajihvādaśanekṣaṇāḥ kṣitau; kṣayaṁ gatāḥ pramathitavarmabhūṣaṇāḥ.

74. rathaiḥ dvipāḥ dviradavaiḥ mahāhayāḥ
hayaiḥ narāḥ vararathibhiḥ ca
vājinaḥ nirastajihvādaśanekṣaṇāḥ kṣitau
kṣayam gatāḥ pramathitavarmabhūṣaṇāḥ

74. dvipāḥ rathaiḥ mahāhayāḥ dviradavaiḥ
narāḥ hayaiḥ vājinaḥ ca vararathibhiḥ
nirastajihvādaśanekṣaṇāḥ
pramathitavarmabhūṣaṇāḥ kṣitau kṣayam gatāḥ

74. Elephants were destroyed by chariots, great horses by superior elephants, men by horses, and horses by excellent charioteers. With their tongues, teeth, and eyes obliterated, and their armors and ornaments shattered, they met their destruction on the ground.

Words meanings summery:

• रथैः (rathaiḥ) - by chariots

• द्विपाः (dvipāḥ) - elephants

• द्विरदवैः (dviradavaiḥ) - by superior elephants

• महाहयाः (mahāhayāḥ) - great horses

• हयैः (hayaiḥ) - by horses

• नराः (narāḥ) - men

• वररथिभिः (vararathibhiḥ) - by excellent charioteers

• च (ca) - and, also

• वाजिनः (vājinaḥ) - horses

• निरस्तजिह्वादशनेक्षणाः (nirastajihvādaśanekṣaṇāḥ) - whose tongues, teeth, and eyes were destroyed/obliterated

• क्षितौ (kṣitau) - on the ground, on the earth

• क्षयम् (kṣayam) - destruction, end

• गताः (gatāḥ) - reached, gone to, obtained

• प्रमथितवर्मभूषणाः (pramathitavarmabhūṣaṇāḥ) - whose armors and ornaments were crushed/shattered

Words meanings and morphology

रथैः (rathaiḥ) - by chariots

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot, car, vehicle

Root: ram (class 1)

द्विपाः (dvipāḥ) - elephants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dvipa

dvipa - elephant (literally 'two-drinker', referring to trunk and mouth)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvi+pa)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• pa – drinker, protector
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pā (class 1)

द्विरदवैः (dviradavaiḥ) - by superior elephants

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dviradavara

dviradavara - superior elephant, best elephant

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dvirada+vara)

• dvirada – elephant (literally 'two-tusked')
  noun (masculine)
• vara – excellent, superior, best, boon
  adjective
  Root: vṛ (class 1)

महाहयाः (mahāhayāḥ) - great horses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāhaya

mahāhaya - great horse, excellent horse

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+haya)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• haya – horse
  noun (masculine)
  Root: hi (class 5)

हयैः (hayaiḥ) - by horses

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse

Root: hi (class 5)

नराः (narāḥ) - men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, human being, person

Root: nṛ (class 1)

वररथिभिः (vararathibhiḥ) - by excellent charioteers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vararathi

vararathi - excellent charioteer, best charioteer

Compound type : karmadhāraya (vara+rathi)

• vara – excellent, superior, best
  adjective
  Root: vṛ (class 1)
• rathi – charioteer, one who has a chariot
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rath (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

वाजिनः (vājinaḥ) - horses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vājin

vājin - horse, swift, strong

Root: vaj (class 1)

निरस्तजिह्वादशनेक्षणाः (nirastajihvādaśanekṣaṇāḥ) - whose tongues, teeth, and eyes were destroyed/obliterated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nirastajihvādaśanekṣaṇa

nirastajihvādaśanekṣaṇa - one whose tongue, teeth, and eyes are thrown out/destroyed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nirasta+jihvā+daśana+īkṣaṇa)

• nirasta – thrown out, cast away, destroyed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'as' (to throw) with prefix 'nir-'.
  Prefix: nis
  Root: as (class 4)
• jihvā – tongue
  noun (feminine)
• daśana – tooth, biting
  noun (masculine)
  Root: daṃś (class 1)
• īkṣaṇa – eye, seeing, looking
  noun (neuter)
  Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying the subjects (elephants, horses, men).

क्षितौ (kṣitau) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of kṣiti

kṣiti - earth, ground, dwelling, destruction

Root: kṣi (class 1)

क्षयम् (kṣayam) - destruction, end

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣaya

kṣaya - destruction, end, loss, decline

Root: kṣi (class 1)

गताः (gatāḥ) - reached, gone to, obtained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gata

gata - gone, arrived, obtained, reached

Past Passive Participle

From root 'gam' (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Modifies the subjects (elephants, horses, men).

प्रमथितवर्मभूषणाः (pramathitavarmabhūṣaṇāḥ) - whose armors and ornaments were crushed/shattered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pramathitavarmabhūṣaṇa

pramathitavarmabhūṣaṇa - one whose armor and ornaments are crushed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pramathita+varman+bhūṣaṇa)

• pramathita – crushed, churned, destroyed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'math' (to churn, crush) with prefix 'pra-'.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: math (class 1)
• varman – armor, coat of mail
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vṛ (class 9)
• bhūṣaṇa – ornament, decoration, adornment
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bhūṣ (class 10)

Note: Adjective modifying the subjects (elephants, horses, men).