महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-31, verse-17

कांस्यायसतनुत्राणान्नराश्वरथकुञ्जरान् ।
पतितान्पोथयां चक्रुर्द्विपाः स्थूलनडानिव ॥१७॥

17. kāṁsyāyasatanutrāṇānnarāśvarathakuñjarān ,
patitānpothayāṁ cakrurdvipāḥ sthūlanaḍāniva.

17. kāṃsyāyasa-tanutrāṇān narāśvaratha-kuñjarān
patitān pothayāṃ cakruḥ dvipāḥ sthūla-naḍān iva

17. dvipāḥ kāṃsyāyasa-tanutrāṇān patitān
narāśvaratha-kuñjarān sthūla-naḍān iva pothayāṃ cakruḥ

17. Elephants crushed those men, horses, chariots, and other elephants that had fallen and were clad in bronze and iron armor, just as (one would crush) large reeds.

Words meanings summery:

• कांस्यायस-तनुत्राणान् (kāṁsyāyasa-tanutrāṇān) - (those) clad in bronze and iron armor (clad in bronze and iron armor)

• नराश्वरथ-कुञ्जरान् (narāśvaratha-kuñjarān) - (those) men, horses, chariots, and elephants (men, horses, chariots, and elephants)

• पतितान् (patitān) - those who had fallen (fallen)

• पोथयां (pothayāṁ) - crushing (crushing, pounding (gerundial form for periphrastic perfect))

• चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - (they) made (crushing) (they did, they made)

• द्विपाः (dvipāḥ) - elephants (elephants (lit. 'two-drinkers'))

• स्थूल-नडान् (sthūla-naḍān) - large reeds

• इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

Words meanings and morphology

कांस्यायस-तनुत्राणान् (kāṁsyāyasa-tanutrāṇān) - (those) clad in bronze and iron armor (clad in bronze and iron armor)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kāṃsyāyasa-tanutrāṇa

kāṁsyāyasa-tanutrāṇa - bronze and iron armor, one armored with bronze and iron

Bahuvrihi compound: kāṃsya (bronze) + ayasa (iron) + tanutrāṇa (armor/body protector). Here it implies 'those having bronze and iron armor'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kāṃsya+ayasa+tanutrāṇa)

• kāṃsya – of bronze, bronze (material)
  adjective (neuter)
  derived from kāṃsa (bronze)
• ayasa – of iron, iron (material)
  adjective (neuter)
  derived from ayas (iron)
• tanutrāṇa – body-protector, armor
  noun (neuter)
  compound of tanu (body) and trāṇa (protection)

Note: Modifies narāśvaratha-kuñjarān.

नराश्वरथ-कुञ्जरान् (narāśvaratha-kuñjarān) - (those) men, horses, chariots, and elephants (men, horses, chariots, and elephants)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of narāśvaratha-kuñjara

narāśvaratha-kuñjara - men, horses, chariots, and elephants (collective)

Dvandva compound of nara (men), aśva (horses), ratha (chariots), and kuñjara (elephants)

Compound type : dvandva (nara+aśva+ratha+kuñjara)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• kuñjara – elephant
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of pothayāṃ cakruḥ.

पतितान् (patitān) - those who had fallen (fallen)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of patita

patita - fallen, descended, lost

Past Passive Participle

derived from root pat (to fall)

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Modifies narāśvaratha-kuñjarān.

पोथयां (pothayāṁ) - crushing (crushing, pounding (gerundial form for periphrastic perfect))

(indeclinable)

Part of Periphrastic Perfect

form of the causative stem pothay- used with auxiliary verb kṛ to form periphrastic perfect

Root: puth (class 10)

Note: Part of the periphrastic perfect verb 'pothayāṃ cakruḥ'.

चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - (they) made (crushing) (they did, they made)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Auxiliary verb for periphrastic perfect.

द्विपाः (dvipāḥ) - elephants (elephants (lit. 'two-drinkers'))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dvipa

dvipa - elephant (lit. 'two-drinker', referring to trunk and mouth)

Compound 'dvi' (two) + 'pa' (drinker)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvi+pa)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• pa – drinker, protector
  noun (masculine)
  from root pā (to drink)
  Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

स्थूल-नडान् (sthūla-naḍān) - large reeds

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sthūla-naḍa

sthūla-naḍa - large reed

Tatpurusha compound 'sthūla' (large) + 'naḍa' (reed)

Compound type : tatpurusha (sthūla+naḍa)

• sthūla – large, thick, stout
  adjective (masculine)
• naḍa – reed, cane
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of comparison.

इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a comparison.