महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-31, verse-38

ते त्वार्यधर्मसंरब्धा दुर्निवार्या दुरासदाः ।
शरार्ता न जहुर्द्रोणं पाञ्चालाः पाण्डवैः सह ॥३८॥

38. te tvāryadharmasaṁrabdhā durnivāryā durāsadāḥ ,
śarārtā na jahurdroṇaṁ pāñcālāḥ pāṇḍavaiḥ saha.

38. te tu āryadharmasaṃrabdhāḥ durnivāryāḥ durāsadāḥ
śarārtāḥ na jahuḥ droṇam pāñcālāḥ pāṇḍavaiḥ saha

38. te pāñcālāḥ tu āryadharmasaṃrabdhāḥ durnivāryāḥ
durāsadāḥ śarārtāḥ pāṇḍavaiḥ saha droṇam na jahuḥ

38. But they, the Panchalas, roused by noble principles (dharma), irresistible and formidable, though wounded by arrows, did not abandon Drona, along with the Pandavas.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - the Panchalas (they, those)

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

• आर्यधर्मसंरब्धाः (āryadharmasaṁrabdhāḥ) - inspired by noble principles (dharma) (agitated by noble principles, roused by noble duty)

• दुर्निवार्याः (durnivāryāḥ) - irresistible (difficult to restrain, irresistible)

• दुरासदाः (durāsadāḥ) - formidable (difficult to approach, formidable)

• शरार्ताः (śarārtāḥ) - wounded by arrows (afflicted by arrows, wounded by arrows)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• जहुः (jahuḥ) - they abandoned (they abandoned, they left)

• द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Drona (Drona (accusative))

• पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - the Panchalas

• पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - by the Pandavas

• सह (saha) - with (with, together with)

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - the Panchalas (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the Panchalas.

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

आर्यधर्मसंरब्धाः (āryadharmasaṁrabdhāḥ) - inspired by noble principles (dharma) (agitated by noble principles, roused by noble duty)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āryadharmasaṃrabdha

āryadharmasaṁrabdha - agitated by noble duty, inspired by noble principles

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ārya+dharma+saṃrabdha)

• ārya – noble, respectable, Aryan
  adjective (masculine)
• dharma – natural law, duty, righteousness, constitution, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• saṃrabdha – agitated, roused, infuriated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'rabh' with 'sam' prefix
  Prefix: sam
  Root: rabh (class 1)

दुर्निवार्याः (durnivāryāḥ) - irresistible (difficult to restrain, irresistible)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of durnivārya

durnivārya - difficult to restrain, irresistible

Gerundive

Derived from root 'vṛ' with 'ni' and 'dur' prefixes

Prefixes: dur+ni

Root: vṛ (class 5)

दुरासदाः (durāsadāḥ) - formidable (difficult to approach, formidable)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of durāsada

durāsada - difficult to approach, formidable

From 'dur' (difficult) + 'ā-sad' (to approach)

Prefixes: dur+ā

Root: sad (class 1)

शरार्ताः (śarārtāḥ) - wounded by arrows (afflicted by arrows, wounded by arrows)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śarārta

śarārta - afflicted by arrows, wounded by arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+ārta)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• ārta – afflicted, wounded, distressed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'ṛ' (to go, move) often understood as 'ārt' meaning to suffer
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

जहुः (jahuḥ) - they abandoned (they abandoned, they left)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of hā

Perfect Active

3rd person plural Perfect Active

Root: hā (class 3)

द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Drona (Drona (accusative))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (proper name), a measure, a vessel

पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - the Panchalas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāñcāla

pāñcāla - belonging to the Panchala country, a native of Panchala

पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - by the Pandavas

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - a descendant of Pandu

सह (saha) - with (with, together with)

(indeclinable)

Note: Takes instrumental case.