महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-31, verse-71

अश्वैरश्वा गजैर्नागा रथिनो रथिभिः सह ।
संसक्ताः समदृश्यन्त पत्तयश्चापि पत्तिभिः ॥७१॥

71. aśvairaśvā gajairnāgā rathino rathibhiḥ saha ,
saṁsaktāḥ samadṛśyanta pattayaścāpi pattibhiḥ.

71. aśvaiḥ aśvā gajaiḥ nāgā rathinaḥ rathibhiḥ saha
saṃsaktāḥ samadṛśyanta pattayaḥ ca api pattibhiḥ

71. aśvā aśvaiḥ nāgā gajaiḥ rathinaḥ rathibhiḥ saha
saṃsaktāḥ samadṛśyanta pattayaḥ ca api pattibhiḥ

71. Horses were engaged with horses, elephants with elephants, and charioteers were seen engaged together with charioteers. And foot soldiers, too, were engaged with foot soldiers.

Words meanings summery:

• अश्वैः (aśvaiḥ) - by horses, with horses

• अश्वा (aśvā) - horses

• गजैः (gajaiḥ) - by elephants, with elephants

• नागा (nāgā) - elephants

• रथिनः (rathinaḥ) - charioteers, those with chariots

• रथिभिः (rathibhiḥ) - by charioteers, with charioteers

• सह (saha) - with, together with, along with

• संसक्ताः (saṁsaktāḥ) - engaged, joined, attached

• समदृश्यन्त (samadṛśyanta) - were seen

• पत्तयः (pattayaḥ) - foot soldiers, infantry

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• पत्तिभिः (pattibhiḥ) - by foot soldiers, with foot soldiers

Words meanings and morphology

अश्वैः (aśvaiḥ) - by horses, with horses

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

Note: Sandhi 'r' (aśvair) from 'ḥ'.

अश्वा (aśvā) - horses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

गजैः (gajaiḥ) - by elephants, with elephants

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of gaja

gaja - elephant

Note: Sandhi 'r' (gajair) from 'ḥ'.

नागा (nāgā) - elephants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nāga

nāga - elephant, snake

रथिनः (rathinaḥ) - charioteers, those with chariots

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, owner of a chariot

Note: Sandhi 'o' (rathino) from 'aḥ'.

रथिभिः (rathibhiḥ) - by charioteers, with charioteers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, owner of a chariot

सह (saha) - with, together with, along with

(indeclinable)

संसक्ताः (saṁsaktāḥ) - engaged, joined, attached

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃsakta

saṁsakta - joined, attached, engaged, involved

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √sañj (to adhere, attach) with prefix saṃ-.

Prefix: sam

Root: sañj (class 1)

Note: Refers to the various military units.

समदृश्यन्त (samadṛśyanta) - were seen

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, past imperfect (laṅ) of samadṛś

Imperfect Tense, Passive Voice

From root √dṛś (to see), with prefix sam-, in passive voice, third person plural, imperfect tense.

Prefix: sam

Root: dṛś (class 1)

पत्तयः (pattayaḥ) - foot soldiers, infantry

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of patti

patti - foot soldier, infantry

Note: Sandhi 'śca' (pattayaśca) from 'ḥ' + 'ca'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Part of 'pattayaś ca'.

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

Note: Part of 'cāpi'.

पत्तिभिः (pattibhiḥ) - by foot soldiers, with foot soldiers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of patti

patti - foot soldier, infantry