महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-31, verse-48

तेषामुत्पततां कांश्चित्पतितांश्च पराङ्मुखान् ।
न जघानार्जुनो योधान्योधव्रतमनुस्मरन् ॥४८॥

48. teṣāmutpatatāṁ kāṁścitpatitāṁśca parāṅmukhān ,
na jaghānārjuno yodhānyodhavratamanusmaran.

48. teṣām utpatatām kāṃścit patitān ca parāṅmukhān
na jaghāna arjunaḥ yodhān yodhavratam anusmaran

48. arjunaḥ yodhavratam anusmaran teṣām utpatatām
kāṃścit patitān ca parāṅmukhān yodhān na jaghāna

48. Arjuna, remembering the warrior's code (dharma), did not strike down those warriors who were rising up, nor those who had fallen, nor those who had turned their backs in retreat.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, of those

• उत्पतताम् (utpatatām) - of those rising up, of those attempting to rise

• कांश्चित् (kāṁścit) - some, certain ones

• पतितान् (patitān) - fallen ones, those who have fallen

• च (ca) - and, also

• पराङ्मुखान् (parāṅmukhān) - those with faces turned away, those fleeing

• न (na) - not, no

• जघान (jaghāna) - he struck down (he struck, he killed)

• अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

• योधान् (yodhān) - warriors, fighters

• योधव्रतम् (yodhavratam) - the warrior's code (dharma) (the warrior's vow, the warrior's code)

• अनुस्मरन् (anusmaran) - remembering, recollecting

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, of those

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

उत्पतताम् (utpatatām) - of those rising up, of those attempting to rise

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of utpatat

utpatat - rising up, flying up

Present Active Participle

Derived from root pat (to fall, fly) with prefix ut.

Prefix: ut

Root: pat (class 1)

कांश्चित् (kāṁścit) - some, certain ones

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kimcid

kimcid - some, something, someone

पतितान् (patitān) - fallen ones, those who have fallen

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of patita

patita - fallen, descended, degraded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root pat (to fall).

Root: pat (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

पराङ्मुखान् (parāṅmukhān) - those with faces turned away, those fleeing

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of parāṅmukha

parāṅmukha - having the face averted or turned away, retreating, fleeing

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (parāc+mukha)

• parāc – turned away, backward, averted
  adjective (masculine)
  indeclinable stem from parā + añc.
  Prefix: parā
  Root: añc (class 1)
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

जघान (jaghāna) - he struck down (he struck, he killed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of han

Perfect Tense

3rd person singular, perfect tense, active voice of han.

Root: han (class 2)

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (a name of the third Pāṇḍava prince)

योधान् (yodhān) - warriors, fighters

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of yodha

yodha - warrior, soldier, fighter

From root yudh (to fight) + a (suffix).

Root: yudh (class 4)

योधव्रतम् (yodhavratam) - the warrior's code (dharma) (the warrior's vow, the warrior's code)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yodhavrata

yodhavrata - the vow or code of a warrior

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yodha+vrata)

• yodha – warrior, fighter
  noun (masculine)
  From root yudh (to fight) + a (suffix).
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• vrata – vow, sacred rule, religious observance, code (dharma)
  noun (neuter)

अनुस्मरन् (anusmaran) - remembering, recollecting

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anusmarat

anusmarat - remembering, recollecting, calling to mind

Present Active Participle

Derived from root smṛ (to remember) with prefix anu.

Prefix: anu

Root: smṛ (class 1)