महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-7, chapter-31, verse-14
तत्रान्यस्य च संमर्दे पतितस्य विवर्मणः ।
शिरः प्रध्वंसयामास वक्षस्याक्रम्य कुञ्जरः ॥१४॥
शिरः प्रध्वंसयामास वक्षस्याक्रम्य कुञ्जरः ॥१४॥
14. tatrānyasya ca saṁmarde patitasya vivarmaṇaḥ ,
śiraḥ pradhvaṁsayāmāsa vakṣasyākramya kuñjaraḥ.
śiraḥ pradhvaṁsayāmāsa vakṣasyākramya kuñjaraḥ.
14.
tatra anyasya ca saṃmarde patitasya vivarmaṇaḥ
śiraḥ pradhvaṃsayāmāsa vakṣasi ākramya kuñjaraḥ
śiraḥ pradhvaṃsayāmāsa vakṣasi ākramya kuñjaraḥ
14.
tatra kuñjaraḥ anyasya ca saṃmarde patitasya
vivarmaṇaḥ vakṣasi ākramya śiraḥ pradhvaṃsayāmāsa
vivarmaṇaḥ vakṣasi ākramya śiraḥ pradhvaṃsayāmāsa
14.
There, an elephant, having trampled upon the chest of another man who had fallen in the thick of the struggle and was without armor, crushed his head.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तत्र (tatra) - in that battle (there, in that place)
- अन्यस्य (anyasya) - of another soldier (of another, of someone else)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- संमर्दे (saṁmarde) - in the thick of the battle (in the press, in the crowd, in the conflict)
- पतितस्य (patitasya) - of a fallen soldier (of one who has fallen)
- विवर्मणः (vivarmaṇaḥ) - of a soldier without armor (of one without armor, defenseless)
- शिरः (śiraḥ) - head
- प्रध्वंसयामास (pradhvaṁsayāmāsa) - crushed (crushed, destroyed)
- वक्षसि (vakṣasi) - on the chest (on the chest, in the breast)
- आक्रम्य (ākramya) - having trampled upon (having trampled, having stepped on, having attacked)
- कुञ्जरः (kuñjaraḥ) - elephant
Words meanings and morphology
तत्र (tatra) - in that battle (there, in that place)
(indeclinable)
adverb derived from pronoun 'tad'
अन्यस्य (anyasya) - of another soldier (of another, of someone else)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of anya
anya - other, another, different
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
संमर्दे (saṁmarde) - in the thick of the battle (in the press, in the crowd, in the conflict)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of saṃmarda
saṁmarda - crowding, pressing together, conflict, battle
Prefix: sam
Root: mṛd (class 1)
पतितस्य (patitasya) - of a fallen soldier (of one who has fallen)
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, singular of patita
patita - fallen, descended, lost
Past Passive Participle
derived from root pat (to fall)
Root: pat (class 1)
Note: Functions as a noun here.
विवर्मणः (vivarmaṇaḥ) - of a soldier without armor (of one without armor, defenseless)
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, singular of vivarman
vivarman - without armor, defenseless
Bahuvrihi compound 'vi' (without) + 'varman' (armor)
Compound type : bahuvrihi (vi+varman)
- vi – without, lacking
indeclinable - varman – armor, shield
noun (neuter)
शिरः (śiraḥ) - head
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of śiras
śiras - head, top, peak
Note: Same form for nominative and accusative singular neuter.
प्रध्वंसयामास (pradhvaṁsayāmāsa) - crushed (crushed, destroyed)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of pradhvaṃsay
Causative
Causative of pra-dhvaṃs. Formed with auxiliary 'kṛ' (perfect tense)
Prefix: pra
Root: dhvaṃs (class 1)
Note: Periphrastic perfect tense.
वक्षसि (vakṣasi) - on the chest (on the chest, in the breast)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of vakṣas
vakṣas - chest, breast, bosom
आक्रम्य (ākramya) - having trampled upon (having trampled, having stepped on, having attacked)
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
formed from ā-kram + -ya
Prefix: ā
Root: kram (class 1)
कुञ्जरः (kuñjaraḥ) - elephant
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kuñjara
kuñjara - elephant, living in caves/thickets