महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-31, verse-20

अक्षो भग्नो ध्वजश्छिन्नश्छत्रमुर्व्यां निपातितम् ।
युगार्धं छिन्नमादाय प्रदुद्राव तथा हयः ॥२०॥

20. akṣo bhagno dhvajaśchinnaśchatramurvyāṁ nipātitam ,
yugārdhaṁ chinnamādāya pradudrāva tathā hayaḥ.

20. akṣaḥ bhagnaḥ dhvajaḥ chinnaḥ chatram urvyām nipātitam
yugārdham chinnam ādāya pradudrāva tathā hayaḥ

20. akṣaḥ bhagnaḥ dhvajaḥ chinnaḥ chatram urvyām nipātitam
tathā hayaḥ chinnam yugārdham ādāya pradudrāva

20. The axle was broken, the banner torn, and the umbrella cast down upon the earth. Thus, the horse, carrying half of the broken yoke, ran away.

Words meanings summery:

• अक्षः (akṣaḥ) - axle, wheel

• भग्नः (bhagnaḥ) - broken, shattered, defeated

• ध्वजः (dhvajaḥ) - banner, flag, standard

• छिन्नः (chinnaḥ) - cut, torn, broken, severed

• छत्रम् (chatram) - umbrella, parasol

• उर्व्याम् (urvyām) - on the earth, on the ground

• निपातितम् (nipātitam) - thrown down, caused to fall, fallen

• युगार्धम् (yugārdham) - half of the yoke

• छिन्नम् (chinnam) - broken, cut, severed

• आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having seized, having grasped

• प्रदुद्राव (pradudrāva) - ran away, fled

• तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner, so

• हयः (hayaḥ) - horse

Words meanings and morphology

अक्षः (akṣaḥ) - axle, wheel

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of akṣa

akṣa - axle, wheel, dice, sense organ

भग्नः (bhagnaḥ) - broken, shattered, defeated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagna

bhagna - broken, shattered, defeated, frustrated

Past Passive Participle

Root: bhañj (class 7)

ध्वजः (dhvajaḥ) - banner, flag, standard

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhvaja

dhvaja - banner, flag, standard, mark

छिन्नः (chinnaḥ) - cut, torn, broken, severed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of chinna

chinna - cut, torn, broken, severed, divided

Past Passive Participle

Root: chid (class 7)

छत्रम् (chatram) - umbrella, parasol

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of chatra

chatra - umbrella, parasol, canopy

उर्व्याम् (urvyām) - on the earth, on the ground

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of urvī

urvī - earth, ground

निपातितम् (nipātitam) - thrown down, caused to fall, fallen

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nipātita

nipātita - thrown down, caused to fall, prostrated

Past Passive Participle

Causative of ni-pat

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'chatram'

युगार्धम् (yugārdham) - half of the yoke

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yugārdha

yugārdha - half of the yoke

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yuga+ardha)

• yuga – yoke, pair, age, era
  noun (neuter)
• ardha – half, part
  noun (neuter)

छिन्नम् (chinnam) - broken, cut, severed

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of chinna

chinna - cut, torn, broken, severed, divided

Past Passive Participle

Root: chid (class 7)

Note: Modifies 'yugārdham'

आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having seized, having grasped

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

प्रदुद्राव (pradudrāva) - ran away, fled

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect indicative (lit) of pra-dru

Prefix: pra

Root: dru (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner, so

(indeclinable)

हयः (hayaḥ) - horse

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of haya

haya - horse