महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-31, verse-56

ता भुजाग्रैर्महावेगा विसृष्टा भुजगोपमाः ।
दीप्यमाना महाशक्त्यो जग्मुराधिरथिं प्रति ॥५६॥

56. tā bhujāgrairmahāvegā visṛṣṭā bhujagopamāḥ ,
dīpyamānā mahāśaktyo jagmurādhirathiṁ prati.

56. tāḥ bhujāgraiḥ mahāvegāḥ visṛṣṭāḥ bhujagopamāḥ
dīpyamānāḥ mahāśaktayaḥ jagmuḥ ādhirathim prati

56. tāḥ mahāvegāḥ भुजाग्रैः visṛṣṭāḥ bhujagopamāḥ
dīpyamānāḥ mahāśaktayaḥ ādhirathim prati jagmuḥ

56. Those great, swiftly moving spears, discharged by their strong arms, blazing and resembling serpents, went towards Karna, the son of Adhiratha.

Words meanings summery:

• ताः (tāḥ) - those spears (rathaśaktīḥ) (those)

• भुजाग्रैः (bhujāgraiḥ) - with the tips of their arms, by their forearms, by their strong arms

• महावेगाः (mahāvegāḥ) - of great speed, very swift

• विसृष्टाः (visṛṣṭāḥ) - hurled, discharged, sent forth

• भुजगोपमाः (bhujagopamāḥ) - resembling serpents, snake-like

• दीप्यमानाः (dīpyamānāḥ) - shining, blazing, glowing

• महाशक्तयः (mahāśaktayaḥ) - great spears, great powers

• जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - they went, they moved

• आधिरथिम् (ādhirathim) - Karna (son of Adhiratha)

• प्रति (prati) - towards, against, to

Words meanings and morphology

ताः (tāḥ) - those spears (rathaśaktīḥ) (those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

भुजाग्रैः (bhujāgraiḥ) - with the tips of their arms, by their forearms, by their strong arms

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of bhujāgra

bhujāgra - arm-tip, forearm, strong arm

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhuja+agra)

• bhuja – arm, hand, body
  noun (masculine)
• agra – tip, front, extremity
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to the arms of the warriors who hurled the spears.

महावेगाः (mahāvegāḥ) - of great speed, very swift

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of mahāvega

mahāvega - of great speed, very swift, highly impetuous

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+vega)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• vega – speed, velocity, impetus
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vij (class 6)

विसृष्टाः (visṛṣṭāḥ) - hurled, discharged, sent forth

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of visṛṣṭa

visṛṣṭa - hurled, discharged, sent forth, created

Past Passive Participle

Formed from prefix 'vi-' + root 'sṛj' (to throw, emit) + suffix 'kta'.

Prefix: vi

Root: sṛj (class 6)

भुजगोपमाः (bhujagopamāḥ) - resembling serpents, snake-like

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of bhujagopamā

bhujagopamā - resembling serpents, snake-like

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhujaga+upamā)

• bhujaga – serpent, snake
  noun (masculine)
  Root: gam (class 1)
• upamā – resemblance, comparison
  noun (feminine)

Note: Agrees with 'tāḥ' and 'mahāśaktayaḥ'.

दीप्यमानाः (dīpyamānāḥ) - shining, blazing, glowing

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of dīpyamāna

dīpyamāna - shining, blazing, glowing

Present Middle Participle

From root 'dīp' (to shine, blaze) + suffix 'śānac'.

Root: dīp (class 4)

महाशक्तयः (mahāśaktayaḥ) - great spears, great powers

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of mahāśakti

mahāśakti - great spear, great power/force

Compound type : karmadharaya (mahā+śakti)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• śakti – power, strength, spear, javelin
  noun (feminine)
  Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Subject of 'jagmuḥ'.

जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - they went, they moved

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of gam

Perfect Active

Reduplicated perfect, 3rd person plural.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'mahāśaktayaḥ'.

आधिरथिम् (ādhirathim) - Karna (son of Adhiratha)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ādhirathi

ādhirathi - son of Adhiratha

Patronymic from Adhiratha, Karna's foster father.

Note: Object of motion with 'prati'.

प्रति (prati) - towards, against, to

(indeclinable)

Takes accusative case ('ādhirathim').