महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-31, verse-34

ततः सेनापतिः शीघ्रमयं काल इति ब्रुवन् ।
नित्याभित्वरितानेव त्वरयामास पाण्डवान् ॥३४॥

34. tataḥ senāpatiḥ śīghramayaṁ kāla iti bruvan ,
nityābhitvaritāneva tvarayāmāsa pāṇḍavān.

34. tataḥ senāpatiḥ śīghram ayam kālaḥ iti bruvan
nityābhitvaritān eva tvarayāmāsa pāṇḍavān

34. tataḥ senāpatiḥ śīghram ayam kālaḥ iti bruvan
nityābhitvaritān eva pāṇḍavān tvarayāmāsa

34. Then, the commander, quickly declaring, 'This is the opportune moment!', further urged on the Pāṇḍavas, who were already constantly eager.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• सेनापतिः (senāpatiḥ) - commander, general

• शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly, swiftly

• अयम् (ayam) - this (masculine singular)

• कालः (kālaḥ) - opportune moment (time, season, opportune moment)

• इति (iti) - thus, so, indicates direct speech

• ब्रुवन् (bruvan) - declaring (saying, speaking, declaring)

• नित्याभित्वरितान् (nityābhitvaritān) - those always eager/hastened

• एव (eva) - even, further (indeed, just, only, even)

• त्वरयामास (tvarayāmāsa) - urged on (caused to hasten, urged on)

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

ablative of 'tad' (that) used as an indeclinable

सेनापतिः (senāpatiḥ) - commander, general

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of senāpati

senāpati - commander of an army, general

Compound type : tatpurusha (senā+pati)

• senā – army, host
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband, protector
  noun (masculine)

शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage.

अयम् (ayam) - this (masculine singular)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

कालः (kālaḥ) - opportune moment (time, season, opportune moment)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season, moment

इति (iti) - thus, so, indicates direct speech

(indeclinable)

ब्रुवन् (bruvan) - declaring (saying, speaking, declaring)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bruvant

bruvant - saying, speaking

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'brū' (to speak, to say).

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'senāpatiḥ'.

नित्याभित्वरितान् (nityābhitvaritān) - those always eager/hastened

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nityābhitvarita

nityābhitvarita - constantly eager, always hastened

Past Passive Participle

Compound: 'nitya' + 'abhi' + 'tvarita'. 'tvarita' is PPP of 'tvar' (to hasten).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (nitya+tvarita)

• nitya – constant, eternal, always
  adjective
• tvarita – hastened, quick, eager
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'tvar' (to hasten) with prefix 'abhi'.
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'pāṇḍavān'.

एव (eva) - even, further (indeed, just, only, even)

(indeclinable)

particle

त्वरयामास (tvarayāmāsa) - urged on (caused to hasten, urged on)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of tvarayāmāsa

Causative Aorist (Periphrastic Perfect)

Periphrastic Perfect of the causative of 'tvar' (to hasten). Forms 'āmāsa' with root.

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Periphrastic perfect.

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, one of the Pāṇḍavas