महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-31, verse-5

दुर्योधनं द्वादशभिर्द्रौणिं चाष्टाभिराशुगैः ।
आरावं तुमुलं कुर्वन्नभ्यवर्तत तान्रणे ॥५॥

5. duryodhanaṁ dvādaśabhirdrauṇiṁ cāṣṭābhirāśugaiḥ ,
ārāvaṁ tumulaṁ kurvannabhyavartata tānraṇe.

5. duryodhanam dvādaśabhiḥ droṇim ca aṣṭābhiḥ āśugaiḥ
ārāvam tumulam kurvan abhyavartata tān raṇe

5. duryodhanam dvādaśabhiḥ droṇim ca aṣṭābhiḥ āśugaiḥ
tumulam ārāvam kurvan tān raṇe abhyavartata

5. He (Bhimasena) also pierced Duryodhana with twelve (arrows) and Droni (Ashwatthama) with eight swift arrows. Creating a tumultuous roar, he advanced upon them in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana

• द्वादशभिः (dvādaśabhiḥ) - with twelve

• द्रोणिम् (droṇim) - Droni (Ashwatthama)

• च (ca) - and

• अष्टाभिः (aṣṭābhiḥ) - with eight

• आशुगैः (āśugaiḥ) - with swift-going arrows

• आरावम् (ārāvam) - clamor, roar

• तुमुलम् (tumulam) - tumultuous, great

• कुर्वन् (kurvan) - making, creating

• अभ्यवर्तत (abhyavartata) - attacked, advanced upon

• तान् (tān) - them

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle

Words meanings and morphology

दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (a proper name)

Note: Object of implied verb (piercing from the previous verse).

द्वादशभिः (dvādaśabhiḥ) - with twelve

(numeral)

Note: Refers to the number of arrows.

द्रोणिम् (droṇim) - Droni (Ashwatthama)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇi

droṇi - Droni (a proper name, son of Drona, i.e., Ashwatthama)

Note: Object of implied verb (piercing).

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects Droni with Duryodhana.

अष्टाभिः (aṣṭābhiḥ) - with eight

(numeral)

Note: Refers to the number of arrows.

आशुगैः (āśugaiḥ) - with swift-going arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of āśuga

āśuga - swift-going, fast-moving (an arrow)

Compound type : tatpurusha (āśu+ga)

• āśu – swift, quick
  adjective
• ga – going, moving
  adjective
  Suffix -ga, from root gam 'to go'
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Here functions as 'with arrows'.

आरावम् (ārāvam) - clamor, roar

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ārāva

ārāva - noise, cry, shout, roar, clamor

From 'ā-rā' 'to shout'

Prefix: ā

Root: rā (class 2)

Note: Object of 'kurvan'.

तुमुलम् (tumulam) - tumultuous, great

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tumula

tumula - tumultuous, noisy, agitated, great

Note: Qualifies 'ārāvam'.

कुर्वन् (kurvan) - making, creating

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛ

kṛ - to do, make, perform, create

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Present active participle, refers to the implied subject (Bhimasena).

अभ्यवर्तत (abhyavartata) - attacked, advanced upon

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (Laṅ) of abhi-vṛt

Prefix: abhi

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: The prefix 'abhi' means 'towards' or 'against'.

तान् (tān) - them

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Drona, Karna, Ashwatthama, Duryodhana.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat