वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-46, verse-7

निवर्तस्वेत्युवाचैनमेतावद्धि कृतं मम ।
यानं विहाय पद्भ्यां तु गमिष्यामो महावनम् ॥७॥

7. nivartasvetyuvācainametāvaddhi kṛtaṃ mama ,
yānaṃ vihāya padbhyāṃ tu gamiṣyāmo mahāvanam.

7. nivartasva iti uvāca enam etāvat hi kṛtam mama
yānam vihāya padbhyām tu gamiṣyāmaḥ mahāvanam

7. enam iti nivartasva uvāca mama etāvat hi kṛtam
tu yānam vihāya padbhyām mahāvanam gamiṣyāmaḥ

7. He said to him, "Go back; this much indeed has been accomplished by me. We shall abandon the chariot and proceed on foot into the great forest."

Words meanings summery:

• निवर्तस्व (nivartasva) - return, turn back, go back

• इति (iti) - marks the end of direct speech (thus, so, in this manner)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एनम् (enam) - refers to Sumantra, the charioteer (him, this one)

• एतावत् (etāvat) - this much, so much, so far

• हि (hi) - used for emphasis, 'indeed' (indeed, surely, because, for)

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - accomplished as in a task or duty (done, made, accomplished)

• मम (mama) - by me (agent of `kṛtam`) (by me, my, of me)

• यानम् (yānam) - the specific chariot being used (chariot, vehicle, journey)

• विहाय (vihāya) - having abandoned, leaving, forsaking

• पद्भ्याम् (padbhyām) - by feet, with feet

• तु (tu) - introduces a new clause, 'and then' (but, however, and, moreover)

• गमिष्यामः (gamiṣyāmaḥ) - we shall go

• महावनम् (mahāvanam) - great forest

Words meanings and morphology

निवर्तस्व (nivartasva) - return, turn back, go back

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of nivart

imperative, middle voice, 2nd person singular

root `vṛt` (to turn) with prefix `ni` (down, back)

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

इति (iti) - marks the end of direct speech (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect tense, active voice, 3rd person singular

Strong form of `vac` in perfect tense (liṭ)

Root: vac (class 2)

एनम् (enam) - refers to Sumantra, the charioteer (him, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that

Demonstrative pronoun. Often used anaphorically.

एतावत् (etāvat) - this much, so much, so far

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etāvat

etāvat - this much, so much, so far, as much as this

From `etad` (this) + `vat` suffix indicating 'as much as'.

Note: Agrees with `kṛtam`.

हि (hi) - used for emphasis, 'indeed' (indeed, surely, because, for)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle, also causal.

कृतम् (kṛtam) - accomplished as in a task or duty (done, made, accomplished)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, accomplished, created

Past Passive Participle

from root `kṛ` (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Functions as the predicate of the implied sentence 'This much has been done'.

मम (mama) - by me (agent of `kṛtam`) (by me, my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person pronoun.

यानम् (yānam) - the specific chariot being used (chariot, vehicle, journey)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yāna

yāna - vehicle, chariot, journey, going

From root `yā` (to go) + `ana` suffix.

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Object of `vihāya`.

विहाय (vihāya) - having abandoned, leaving, forsaking

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Root `hā` (to abandon) with prefix `vi` (apart) and `ya` suffix (lyap).

Prefix: vi

Root: hā (class 3)

पद्भ्याम् (padbhyām) - by feet, with feet

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of pad

pad - foot, step

Root form for 'foot', also `pāda`.

Note: The instrumental case indicates the means ('by feet').

तु (tu) - introduces a new clause, 'and then' (but, however, and, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

गमिष्यामः (gamiṣyāmaḥ) - we shall go

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of gam

future tense, active voice, 1st person plural

From root `gam` (to go), future stem `gamiṣya-`.

Root: gam (class 1)

महावनम् (mahāvanam) - great forest

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahāvana

mahāvana - great forest, large forest

Compound of `mahā` (great) and `vana` (forest).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+vana)

• mahā – great, large, mighty, extensive
  adjective
  From root `mah` (to be great) or a strengthened form of `mahat`.
• vana – forest, wood, grove, thicket
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of motion for `gamiṣyāmaḥ`.

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