वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-46, verse-65

अनुज्ञाय सुमन्त्रं च सबलं चैव तं गुहम् ।
आस्थाय नावं रामस्तु चोदयामास नाविकान् ॥६५॥

65. anujñāya sumantraṃ ca sabalaṃ caiva taṃ guham ,
āsthāya nāvaṃ rāmastu codayāmāsa nāvikān.

65. anujñāya sumantram ca sabalam ca eva tam guham
āsthāya nāvam rāmaḥ tu codayāmāsa nāvikān

65. rāmaḥ tu sumantram ca sabalam ca eva tam guham
anujñāya nāvam āsthāya nāvikān codayāmāsa

65. After bidding farewell to Sumantra, and indeed to Guha and his retinue, Rama then boarded the boat and urged the boatmen (navika) forward.

Words meanings summery:

• अनुज्ञाय (anujñāya) - having bid farewell to (having permitted, having taken leave)

• सुमन्त्रम् (sumantram) - Rama's charioteer, Sumantra (Sumantra (proper name))

• च (ca) - and

• सबलम् (sabalam) - with his retinue/forces (with force, with an army, with attendants)

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

• तम् (tam) - Guha (him, that)

• गुहम् (guham) - Guha, the chieftain (Guha (proper name))

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having boarded (having mounted, having taken up position)

• नावम् (nāvam) - boat

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama (proper name)

• तु (tu) - then, indeed (but, indeed, yet)

• चोदयामास (codayāmāsa) - urged, prompted, impelled

• नाविकान् (nāvikān) - boatmen, sailors

Words meanings and morphology

अनुज्ञाय (anujñāya) - having bid farewell to (having permitted, having taken leave)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

formed from prefix 'anu' + root 'jñā' (to know) + suffix '-ya'

Prefix: anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

सुमन्त्रम् (sumantram) - Rama's charioteer, Sumantra (Sumantra (proper name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sumantra

sumantra - Sumantra (a proper name, means 'good counselor')

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

सबलम् (sabalam) - with his retinue/forces (with force, with an army, with attendants)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sabala

sabala - accompanied by force, having an army, with power

formed from 'sa' (with) + 'bala' (force/army)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+bala)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
  prefix
• bala – strength, power, force, army
  noun (neuter)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

तम् (tam) - Guha (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Guha.

गुहम् (guham) - Guha, the chieftain (Guha (proper name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of guha

guha - Guha (name of a chieftain)

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having boarded (having mounted, having taken up position)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

formed from prefix 'ā' + root 'sthā' (to stand) + suffix '-ya'

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

नावम् (nāvam) - boat

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nau

nau - boat, ship

Note: Object of 'āsthāya'.

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (proper name, an incarnation of Vishnu)

तु (tu) - then, indeed (but, indeed, yet)

(indeclinable)

Particle expressing contrast or emphasis.

चोदयामास (codayāmāsa) - urged, prompted, impelled

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of cud

Periphrastic Perfect causative

Periphrastic perfect (āmāsa + causative stem 'codaya') of root cud

Root: cud (class 10)

नाविकान् (nāvikān) - boatmen, sailors

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nāvika

nāvika - boatman, sailor, navigator

formed from 'nau' (boat) + suffix '-ika'

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