वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-46, verse-36

अहं किं चापि वक्ष्यामि देवीं तव सुतो मया ।
नीतो ऽसौ मातुलकुलं संतापं मा कृथा इति ॥३६॥

36. ahaṃ kiṃ cāpi vakṣyāmi devīṃ tava suto mayā ,
nīto'sau mātulakulaṃ saṃtāpaṃ mā kṛthā iti.

36. aham kim ca api vakṣyāmi devīm tava sutaḥ mayā
nītaḥ asau mātulakulam saṃtāpam mā kṛthāḥ iti

36. aham devīm kim ca api vakṣyāmi? (yat) tava sutaḥ mayā mātulakulam nītaḥ asau,
saṃtāpam mā kṛthāḥ iti

36. And what shall I tell the queen? 'Your son has been taken by me to his maternal uncle's house; do not sorrow,' — this is what I would say.

Words meanings summery:

• अहम् (aham) - I

• किम् (kim) - what, why

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - I shall say, I shall speak

• देवीम् (devīm) - to the queen, to the goddess

• तव (tava) - your

• सुतः (sutaḥ) - son, offspring

• मया (mayā) - by me

• नीतः (nītaḥ) - taken, led, carried

• असौ (asau) - that one, he

• मातुलकुलम् (mātulakulam) - to the maternal uncle's family/house

• संतापम् (saṁtāpam) - sorrow, grief, distress

• मा (mā) - do not (prohibitive particle)

• कृथाः (kṛthāḥ) - you should feel/express (you should do, you should make)

• इति (iti) - thus, so (quotation marker)

Words meanings and morphology

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, myself

किम् (kim) - what, why

(interrogative pronoun)

Note: Used here adverbially as 'what' (question).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - I shall say, I shall speak

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of vac

Futures formed from root vac often involve a stem change to vakṣ-.

Root: vac (class 2)

देवीम् (devīm) - to the queen, to the goddess

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of devī

devī - queen, goddess, lady

Note: Object of vakṣyāmi.

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you, your

सुतः (sutaḥ) - son, offspring

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, offspring

Note: Subject of the inner quoted clause.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Agent in a passive construction with nītaḥ.

नीतः (nītaḥ) - taken, led, carried

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nīta

nīta - taken, led, brought

Past Passive Participle

from root nī (नी) 'to lead, to carry'

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Agrees with sutaḥ.

असौ (asau) - that one, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the son.

मातुलकुलम् (mātulakulam) - to the maternal uncle's family/house

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mātulakula

mātulakula - maternal uncle's family/house

Compound type : tatpurusha (mātula+kula)

• mātula – maternal uncle
  noun (masculine)
• kula – family, lineage, house
  noun (neuter)

Note: Denotes destination.

संतापम् (saṁtāpam) - sorrow, grief, distress

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃtāpa

saṁtāpa - sorrow, grief, distress, anguish

from sam-tap (सम्-तप्) 'to be distressed'

Prefix: sam

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Object of kṛthāḥ.

मा (mā) - do not (prohibitive particle)

(indeclinable)

कृथाः (kṛthāḥ) - you should feel/express (you should do, you should make)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, aorist (prohibitive) (luṅ) of kṛ

Prohibitive aorist, 2nd person singular. 'Do not make sorrow' = 'do not feel/express sorrow'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

इति (iti) - thus, so (quotation marker)

(indeclinable)

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