वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-46, verse-13

इति ब्रुवन्नात्म समं सुमन्त्रः सारथिस्तदा ।
दृष्ट्वा दुर गतं रामं दुःखार्तो रुरुदे चिरम् ॥१३॥

13. iti bruvannātma samaṃ sumantraḥ sārathistadā ,
dṛṣṭvā dura gataṃ rāmaṃ duḥkhārto rurude ciram.

13. iti bruvan ātma samam sumantraḥ sārathiḥ tadā
dṛṣṭvā dūra gatam rāmam duḥkha ārtaḥ rurude ciram

13. iti bruvan tadā ātma samam sārathiḥ sumantraḥ
dṛṣṭvā dūra gatam rāmam duḥkha ārtaḥ ciram rurude

13. Having spoken thus, Sumantra, the charioteer who was like a second self (to Rāma), then, seeing Rāma gone far away, was afflicted by sorrow and wept for a long time.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus, so

• ब्रुवन् (bruvan) - speaking, saying

• आत्म (ātma) - like (Rāma's own) self (self, soul)

• समम् (samam) - equal to (his) self (equal, like, similar)

• सुमन्त्रः (sumantraḥ) - Sumantra

• सारथिः (sārathiḥ) - charioteer

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• दूर (dūra) - far, distant

• गतम् (gatam) - gone, departed

• रामम् (rāmam) - Rāma

• दुःख (duḥkha) - sorrow, pain

• आर्तः (ārtaḥ) - afflicted, distressed

• रुरुदे (rurude) - he wept

• चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

ब्रुवन् (bruvan) - speaking, saying

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bruvat

bruvat - speaking, saying, telling

Present Active Participle

Derived from verb root `brū` (to speak) with present active participle suffix `-at`.

Root: brū (class 2)

आत्म (ātma) - like (Rāma's own) self (self, soul)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, individual essence

Note: Used here in an adverbial or predicative sense, 'equal to (his) self'.

समम् (samam) - equal to (his) self (equal, like, similar)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sama

sama - same, equal, similar, even, impartial

Note: Used here adverbially, 'equally' or 'in an equal manner'.

सुमन्त्रः (sumantraḥ) - Sumantra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumantra

sumantra - Sumantra (proper name, charioteer of Dasharatha/Rāma), good counsel, good minister

सारथिः (sārathiḥ) - charioteer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sārathi

sārathi - charioteer, driver, guide

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from verb root `dṛś` (to see) with suffix `-tvā`.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

दूर (dūra) - far, distant

(adjective)

of dūra

dūra - distant, far, remote, remoteness (as noun)

Note: Used adverbially here.

गतम् (gatam) - gone, departed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, reached, departed, passed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root `gam` (to go) with past passive participle suffix `-ta`.

Root: gam (class 1)

रामम् (rāmam) - Rāma

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (proper name), pleasing, charming

दुःख (duḥkha) - sorrow, pain

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - pain, sorrow, suffering, misery

Note: Used as the first part of an adjectival compound with `ārta`.

आर्तः (ārtaḥ) - afflicted, distressed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ārta

ārta - distressed, afflicted, pained, hurt

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root `ṛ` (to go, reach) with prefix `ā` and past passive participle suffix `-ta`.

Prefix: ā

Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Forms a compound `duḥkhārtaḥ` (afflicted by sorrow).

रुरुदे (rurude) - he wept

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of rud

Root: rud (class 2)

चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time

(indeclinable)

Previous Verse Next Verse