वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-46, verse-35

आर्तनादो हि यः पौरैर्मुक्तस्तद्विप्रवासने ।
रथस्थं मां निशाम्यैव कुर्युः शतगुणं ततः ॥३५॥

35. ārtanādo hi yaḥ paurairmuktastadvipravāsane ,
rathasthaṃ māṃ niśāmyaiva kuryuḥ śataguṇaṃ tataḥ.

35. ārtanādaḥ hi yaḥ pauraiḥ muktaḥ tat-vipravāsane
rathastham mām niśāmya eva kuryuḥ śataguṇam tataḥ

35. pauraiḥ yaḥ ārtanādaḥ tat-vipravāsane muktaḥ
rathastham mām niśāmya eva tataḥ śataguṇam kuryuḥ

35. The cry of distress that was uttered by the citizens at his banishment, they would amplify it a hundredfold upon seeing me on the chariot.

Words meanings summery:

• आर्तनादः (ārtanādaḥ) - cry of distress, lamentation, wail

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• पौरैः (pauraiḥ) - by the citizens, by the townspeople

• मुक्तः (muktaḥ) - uttered, released, freed

• तत्-विप्रवासने (tat-vipravāsane) - at his banishment, at his exile

• रथस्थम् (rathastham) - being on the chariot, situated in the chariot

• माम् (mām) - me

• निशाम्य (niśāmya) - having seen, perceiving, observing

• एव (eva) - just, only, indeed, as soon as

• कुर्युः (kuryuḥ) - they would do, they would make

• शतगुणम् (śataguṇam) - a hundredfold, a hundred times

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, from that, thereupon

Words meanings and morphology

आर्तनादः (ārtanādaḥ) - cry of distress, lamentation, wail

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ārtanāda

ārtanāda - cry of distress, lamentation, wail

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

पौरैः (pauraiḥ) - by the citizens, by the townspeople

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of paura

paura - citizen, townsperson

मुक्तः (muktaḥ) - uttered, released, freed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mukta

mukta - uttered, released, freed

Past Passive Participle

from root muc (मुच्) 'to release, to free'

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Agrees with ārtanādaḥ.

तत्-विप्रवासने (tat-vipravāsane) - at his banishment, at his exile

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tat-vipravāsana

tat-vipravāsana - his banishment/exile

Compound type : tatpurusha (tad+vipravāsana)

• tad – that, his
  pronoun (neuter)
• vipravāsana – banishment, exile
  noun (neuter)
  from vi-pra-vas (वि-प्र-वस्) 'to go away', 'to be absent'
  Prefixes: vi+pra
  Root: vas (class 1)

रथस्थम् (rathastham) - being on the chariot, situated in the chariot

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rathastha

rathastha - standing/being on a chariot

from ratha (रथ) 'chariot' + stha (स्थ) 'standing'

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratha+stha)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• stha – standing, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  from root sthā (स्था)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with mām.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

निशाम्य (niśāmya) - having seen, perceiving, observing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

from ni-śam (नि-शम्) 'to perceive, to observe'

Prefix: ni

Root: śam (class 1)

एव (eva) - just, only, indeed, as soon as

(indeclinable)

कुर्युः (kuryuḥ) - they would do, they would make

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Expresses a potential or desired action.

शतगुणम् (śataguṇam) - a hundredfold, a hundred times

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śataguṇa

śataguṇa - a hundredfold, a hundred times

Compound type : tatpurusha (śata+guṇa)

• śata – hundred
  numeral (neuter)
• guṇa – fold, multiple, quality
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially here, or as an object agreeing with an implied 'cry'.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, from that, thereupon

(indeclinable)

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