वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-46, verse-53

एष मे प्रथमः कल्पो यदम्बा मे यवीयसी ।
भरतारक्षितं स्फीतं पुत्रराज्यमवाप्नुयात् ॥५३॥

53. eṣa me prathamaḥ kalpo yadambā me yavīyasī ,
bharatārakṣitaṃ sphītaṃ putrarājyamavāpnuyāt.

53. eṣaḥ me prathamaḥ kalpaḥ yat ambā me yavīyasī
bharata ārakṣitam sphītam putrarājyam avāpnuyāt

53. eṣaḥ me prathamaḥ kalpaḥ yat me yavīyasī ambā
bharata ārakṣitam sphītam putrarājyam avāpnuyāt

53. "This is my primary intention: that my younger mother (Kaikeyī) should obtain the prosperous kingdom for her son (Bharata), a kingdom protected by Bharata himself."

Words meanings summery:

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (masculine nominative singular)

• मे (me) - my, to me

• प्रथमः (prathamaḥ) - first, primary

• कल्पः (kalpaḥ) - intention, plan, proper course, arrangement

• यत् (yat) - that (introducing a subordinate clause) (that, which (conjunction))

• अम्बा (ambā) - mother

• मे (me) - my, to me

• यवीयसी (yavīyasī) - younger

• भरत (bharata) - Bharata, Rāma's younger brother. (Bharata (proper noun))

• आरक्षितम् (ārakṣitam) - protected, guarded

• स्फीतम् (sphītam) - prosperous, abundant, extensive

• पुत्रराज्यम् (putrarājyam) - kingdom for Kaikeyī's son, Bharata (kingdom of the son, kingdom for the son)

• अवाप्नुयात् (avāpnuyāt) - should obtain, may obtain

Words meanings and morphology

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (masculine nominative singular)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this

मे (me) - my, to me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Enclitic genitive singular.

प्रथमः (prathamaḥ) - first, primary

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prathama

prathama - first, primary, foremost

Root: prath (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'kalpaḥ'.

कल्पः (kalpaḥ) - intention, plan, proper course, arrangement

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kalpa

kalpa - rule, ordinance, proper course, intention, resolution, a cosmic age

From root 'kḷp' (to arrange, be fit).

Root: kḷp (class 1)

यत् (yat) - that (introducing a subordinate clause) (that, which (conjunction))

(indeclinable)

Conjunctive particle.

अम्बा (ambā) - mother

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ambā

ambā - mother

Note: Refers to Kaikeyī.

मे (me) - my, to me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Enclitic genitive singular.

यवीयसी (yavīyasī) - younger

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yavīyas

yavīyas - younger, more youthful

Comparative degree of yuvan (young)

Note: Agrees with 'ambā'.

भरत (bharata) - Bharata, Rāma's younger brother. (Bharata (proper noun))

(proper noun)

masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (proper name), cherished, maintained

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: First part of the compound 'bharatārakṣitam'.

आरक्षितम् (ārakṣitam) - protected, guarded

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ārakṣita

ārakṣita - protected, guarded

Past Passive Participle

From root 'rakṣ' (to protect) with prefix 'ā'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ārakṣita)

• ārakṣita – protected, guarded
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'rakṣ' (to protect) with prefix 'ā'.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Part of a compound `bharatārakṣitam`, where `bharata` is in instrumental sense.

स्फीतम् (sphītam) - prosperous, abundant, extensive

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sphīta

sphīta - prosperous, abundant, extensive, swollen

Past Passive Participle

From root 'sphāy' (to grow, increase).

Root: sphāy (class 1)

Note: Accusative singular neuter, agrees with 'putrarājyam'.

पुत्रराज्यम् (putrarājyam) - kingdom for Kaikeyī's son, Bharata (kingdom of the son, kingdom for the son)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of putrarājya

putrarājya - kingdom for a son, son's kingdom

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (putra+rājya)

• putra – son
  noun (masculine)
• rājya – kingdom, realm, sovereignty
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from 'rājan' (king).
  Root: rāj (class 1)

अवाप्नुयात् (avāpnuyāt) - should obtain, may obtain

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of āp

Optative Mood, Parasmaipada

Third person singular, active voice. Formed with prefix 'ava'.

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)

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