वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-46, verse-10

न मन्ये ब्रह्मचर्ये ऽस्ति स्वधीते वा फलोदयः ।
मार्दवार्जवयोर्वापि त्वां चेद्व्यसनमागतम् ॥१०॥

10. na manye brahmacarye'sti svadhīte vā phalodayaḥ ,
mārdavārjavayorvāpi tvāṃ cedvyasanamāgatam.

10. na manye brahmacarye asti svadhīte vā phalodayaḥ
mārdavārjavayoḥ vā api tvām cet vyasanam āgatam

10. na manye brahmacarye vā svadhīte phalodayaḥ asti vā api
mārdavārjavayoḥ (phalodayaḥ asti) cet vyasanam tvām āgatam

10. I do not believe there is any positive outcome from celibacy (brahmacarya) or from diligent study, nor indeed from gentleness or straightforwardness, if such misfortune has befallen you.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• मन्ये (manye) - I think, I believe, I consider

• ब्रह्मचर्ये (brahmacarye) - in the practice of celibacy (brahmacarya) (in celibacy, in the state of a Vedic student)

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• स्वधीते (svadhīte) - in the practice of diligent study or learning (in well-studied (scriptures), in diligent study)

• वा (vā) - or

• फलोदयः (phalodayaḥ) - positive outcome or beneficial result (rise of fruit, outcome, result)

• मार्दवार्जवयोः (mārdavārjavayoḥ) - of gentleness and straightforwardness

• वा (vā) - or

• अपि (api) - emphasizes 'even' (in the context of no outcome) (also, even, too)

• त्वाम् (tvām) - refers to Rāma (you)

• चेत् (cet) - if

• व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - great misfortune that has befallen Rāma (misfortune, calamity, distress, addiction)

• आगतम् (āgatam) - has befallen (you) (arrived, come, befallen)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

मन्ये (manye) - I think, I believe, I consider

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of man

present tense, middle voice, 1st person singular

Root `man` (to think), present tense (laṭ) middle voice.

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Main verb.

ब्रह्मचर्ये (brahmacarye) - in the practice of celibacy (brahmacarya) (in celibacy, in the state of a Vedic student)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of brahmacarya

brahmacarya - celibacy, studentship (especially Vedic), the life of a religious student (brahmacarya)

From `brahman` (Veda/sacred knowledge) + `carya` (conduct/practice).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+carya)

• brahman – sacred word, Veda, ultimate reality (brahman), priest
  noun (neuter)
• carya – conduct, practice, behavior
  noun (neuter)
  From root `car` (to move, behave).
  Root: car (class 1)

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

present tense, active voice, 3rd person singular

Root `as` (to be), present tense (laṭ).

Root: as (class 2)

स्वधीते (svadhīte) - in the practice of diligent study or learning (in well-studied (scriptures), in diligent study)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of svadhīta

svadhīta - well-studied, diligently read, properly learned

Past Passive Participle

From root `dhyai` (to meditate) or `dhī` (to perceive) with prefix `su` (well).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+dhīta)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating goodness or ease.
• dhīta – studied, learned, meditated upon
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `dhī` or `dhyai`.
  Root: dhī

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects `brahmacarye` and `svadhīte`.

फलोदयः (phalodayaḥ) - positive outcome or beneficial result (rise of fruit, outcome, result)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of phalodaya

phalodaya - rise of fruit, outcome, result, success, consequence

Compound `phala` (fruit, result) + `udaya` (rise, emergence).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (phala+udaya)

• phala – fruit, result, consequence, reward
  noun (neuter)
• udaya – rise, emergence, prosperity, outcome
  noun (masculine)
  From root `i` (to go) with prefix `ud` (up).
  Prefix: ud
  Root: i (class 2)

मार्दवार्जवयोः (mārdavārjavayoḥ) - of gentleness and straightforwardness

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, dual of mārdavārjava

mārdavārjava - gentleness and straightforwardness (dual compound)

Dvandva compound of `mārdava` (gentleness) and `ārjava` (straightforwardness).

Compound type : dvandva (mārdava+ārjava)

• mārdava – gentleness, softness, mildness
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from `mṛdu` (soft, gentle) with `aṇ` suffix.
• ārjava – straightforwardness, honesty, rectitude
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from `ṛju` (straight, honest) with `aṇ` suffix.

Note: Implied `phalodayaḥ` (outcome) of these qualities.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects `svadhīte` with `mārdavārjavayoḥ`.

अपि (api) - emphasizes 'even' (in the context of no outcome) (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

त्वाम् (tvām) - refers to Rāma (you)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Second person pronoun.

Note: Object of `āgatam` (has come to you).

चेत् (cet) - if

(indeclinable)

Conditional particle.

Note: Introduces the conditional clause.

व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - great misfortune that has befallen Rāma (misfortune, calamity, distress, addiction)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vyasana

vyasana - misfortune, calamity, distress, trouble, ruin, addiction

From root `as` (to throw) with prefix `vi` (apart) and `a` (towards).

Prefix: vi

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Subject of `āgatam`.

आगतम् (āgatam) - has befallen (you) (arrived, come, befallen)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āgata

āgata - arrived, come, attained, befallen, approached

Past Passive Participle

From root `gam` (to go) with prefix `ā` (towards).

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

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