महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-101, verse-69

आकर्णपलितः श्यामो वयसाशीतिकात्परः ।
रणे पर्यचरद्द्रोणो वृद्धः षोडशवर्षवत् ॥६९॥

69. ākarṇapalitaḥ śyāmo vayasāśītikātparaḥ ,
raṇe paryacaraddroṇo vṛddhaḥ ṣoḍaśavarṣavat.

69. ākarṇapalitaḥ śyāmaḥ vayasā aśītikāt paraḥ
raṇe paryacarat droṇaḥ vṛddhaḥ ṣoḍaśavarṣavat

69. ākarṇapalitaḥ śyāmaḥ vayasā aśītikāt paraḥ vṛddhaḥ droṇaḥ raṇe ṣoḍaśavarṣavat paryacarat.

69. Drona, an aged man whose hair was grey up to his ears, dark-complexioned, and over eighty years old, moved about in battle as if he were a sixteen-year-old.

Words meanings summery:

• आकर्णपलितः (ākarṇapalitaḥ) - grey-haired up to the ears

• श्यामः (śyāmaḥ) - dark, dark-complexioned, blackish

• वयसा (vayasā) - by age, in respect of age

• अशीतिकात् (aśītikāt) - from eighty, than eighty (years)

• परः (paraḥ) - beyond, other, superior, highest, past

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

• पर्यचरत् (paryacarat) - moved about, ranged, fought

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona

• वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - old, aged; an old man

• षोडशवर्षवत् (ṣoḍaśavarṣavat) - like a sixteen-year-old

Words meanings and morphology

आकर्णपलितः (ākarṇapalitaḥ) - grey-haired up to the ears

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ākarṇapalita

ākarṇapalita - grey-haired up to the ears

Palita (grey hair) ākarṇa (up to the ears).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ākarṇa+palita)

• ākarṇa – up to the ears
  indeclinable
  ā (up to) + karṇa (ear).
  Prefix: ā
• palita – grey, hoary; grey hair
  adjective (neuter)
  past passive participle
  From root pal (to become grey) + kta (ta)
  Root: pal (class 10)

Note: Modifies droṇaḥ.

श्यामः (śyāmaḥ) - dark, dark-complexioned, blackish

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śyāma

śyāma - dark, blackish, dark-blue, green, dark-complexioned

Note: Modifies droṇaḥ.

वयसा (vayasā) - by age, in respect of age

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vayas

vayas - age, stage of life, vigour, strength

From root vī (to move, grow).

Root: vī (class 1)

Note: Indicates the means or respect by which he is 'beyond eighty'.

अशीतिकात् (aśītikāt) - from eighty, than eighty (years)

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of aśītika

aśītika - relating to eighty, eighty (years old)

From aśīti (eighty) + ka suffix.

Note: Governed by paraḥ.

परः (paraḥ) - beyond, other, superior, highest, past

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of para

para - other, subsequent, superior, chief, ultimate, distant, beyond

Note: Modifies droṇaḥ.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war

From root raṇ (to rejoice, shout, fight).

Root: raṇ (class 1)

Note: Indicates location of action.

पर्यचरत् (paryacarat) - moved about, ranged, fought

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of car

imperfect active

From pari + root car (to move) in imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice.

Prefix: pari

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (name of a preceptor and warrior)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - old, aged; an old man

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown, increased; an old man

past passive participle

From root vṛdh (to grow) + kta (ta)

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Modifies droṇaḥ.

षोडशवर्षवत् (ṣoḍaśavarṣavat) - like a sixteen-year-old

(indeclinable)

From ṣoḍaśavarṣa (sixteen years) + vat (like, as) suffix.

Note: Compares Drona's activity to that of a youth.