महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-101, verse-5

तमभ्ययाद्बृहत्क्षत्रः केकयानां महारथः ।
भ्रातॄणां वीरपञ्चानां ज्येष्ठः समरकर्कशः ॥५॥

5. tamabhyayādbṛhatkṣatraḥ kekayānāṁ mahārathaḥ ,
bhrātṝṇāṁ vīrapañcānāṁ jyeṣṭhaḥ samarakarkaśaḥ.

5. tam abhyayāt bṛhatkṣatraḥ kekayānām mahārathaḥ
bhrātṝṇām vīrapañcānām jyeṣṭhaḥ samarakarkaśaḥ

5. kekayānām mahārathaḥ vīrapañcānām bhrātṝṇām
jyeṣṭhaḥ samarakarkaśaḥ bṛhatkṣatraḥ tam abhyayāt

5. Bṛhatkṣatra, the great chariot-warrior of the Kekayas, the eldest of the five heroic brothers, fierce in battle, approached him (Droṇa).

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - Refers to Droṇa, who was described in the previous verses. (him, that (person))

• अभ्ययात् (abhyayāt) - he approached, went towards

• बृहत्क्षत्रः (bṛhatkṣatraḥ) - A Kekaya prince and a great warrior. (Bṛhatkṣatra (a proper name))

• केकयानाम् (kekayānām) - The Kekayas were an ancient kingdom and their princes were allies of the Pandavas. (of the Kekayas)

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - a great chariot-warrior, a hero

• भ्रातॄणाम् (bhrātṝṇām) - of the brothers

• वीरपञ्चानाम् (vīrapañcānām) - Refers to the five Kekaya brothers, all known for their valor. (of the five heroic ones, of the five heroes)

• ज्येष्ठः (jyeṣṭhaḥ) - the eldest, the oldest, the chief

• समरकर्कशः (samarakarkaśaḥ) - fierce in battle, harsh in combat

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - Refers to Droṇa, who was described in the previous verses. (him, that (person))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अभ्ययात् (abhyayāt) - he approached, went towards

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of i

Imperfect tense, active voice

3rd person singular, imperfect (laṅ), active voice (parasmaipada) of root i, with prefixes abhi- and ā-.

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: i (class 2)

बृहत्क्षत्रः (bṛhatkṣatraḥ) - A Kekaya prince and a great warrior. (Bṛhatkṣatra (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bṛhatkṣatra

bṛhatkṣatra - Bṛhatkṣatra (lit. 'great power/dominion'), name of a Kekaya prince

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bṛhat+kṣatra)

• bṛhat – great, large, vast
  adjective
• kṣatra – power, dominion, warrior class
  noun (neuter)

केकयानाम् (kekayānām) - The Kekayas were an ancient kingdom and their princes were allies of the Pandavas. (of the Kekayas)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kekaya

kekaya - the Kekayas (name of a people/dynasty)

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - a great chariot-warrior, a hero

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great warrior who can fight alone against many; one having a great chariot

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)

भ्रातॄणाम् (bhrātṝṇām) - of the brothers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

वीरपञ्चानाम् (vīrapañcānām) - Refers to the five Kekaya brothers, all known for their valor. (of the five heroic ones, of the five heroes)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vīrapañca

vīrapañca - five heroic individuals, a group of five heroes

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vīra+pañca)

• vīra – hero, brave, valorous
  noun (masculine)
• pañca – five
  numeral

ज्येष्ठः (jyeṣṭhaḥ) - the eldest, the oldest, the chief

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jyeṣṭha

jyeṣṭha - eldest, oldest, best, chief

Superlative form of an implied root or derivative, meaning 'most excellent' or 'oldest'.

समरकर्कशः (samarakarkaśaḥ) - fierce in battle, harsh in combat

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samarakarkaśa

samarakarkaśa - harsh or fierce in battle

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (samara+karkaśa)

• samara – battle, war, conflict
  noun (masculine)
• karkaśa – harsh, rough, cruel, fierce
  adjective