महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-101, verse-38

निहते चेदिराजे तु तत्खण्डं पित्र्यमाविशत् ।
अमर्षवशमापन्नः पुत्रोऽस्य परमास्त्रवित् ॥३८॥

38. nihate cedirāje tu tatkhaṇḍaṁ pitryamāviśat ,
amarṣavaśamāpannaḥ putro'sya paramāstravit.

38. nihate cedirāje tu tat khaṇḍam pitryam āviśat
amarṣavaśam āpannaḥ putraḥ asya paramāstravit

38. tu cedirāje nihate asya putraḥ paramāstravit
amarṣavaśam āpannaḥ tat pitryam khaṇḍam āviśat

38. But when the Cedi king was slain, his son, skilled in supreme weapons, overcome by anger, entered his paternal division.

Words meanings summery:

• निहते (nihate) - when slain, after being killed

• चेदिराजे (cedirāje) - when the Cedi king (Dhṛṣṭaketu) was slain (in the Cedi king, to the Cedi king)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• तत् (tat) - his (the Cedi king's) (that, his)

• खण्डम् (khaṇḍam) - division (of the army) (piece, part, division, territory)

• पित्र्यम् (pitryam) - paternal, ancestral, hereditary

• आविशत् (āviśat) - he entered, he took possession of

• अमर्षवशम् (amarṣavaśam) - under the sway of indignation, to the power of anger

• आपन्नः (āpannaḥ) - having attained, having fallen into, overcome

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

• अस्य (asya) - of the Cedi king (his, of him)

• परमास्त्रवित् (paramāstravit) - skilled in supreme weapons, knowing the best weapons

Words meanings and morphology

निहते (nihate) - when slain, after being killed

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - slain, killed, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

from ni-han + -ta suffix

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Used in locative absolute construction, 'when the Cedi king was slain'.

चेदिराजे (cedirāje) - when the Cedi king (Dhṛṣṭaketu) was slain (in the Cedi king, to the Cedi king)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of cedirāja

cedirāja - king of the Cedis

tatpuruṣa compound: Cedi (name of a country/people) + rāja (king)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (cedi+rāja)

• cedi – Cedi (name of an ancient Indian kingdom and its people)
  proper noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used in locative absolute construction.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - his (the Cedi king's) (that, his)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with 'khaṇḍam'.

खण्डम् (khaṇḍam) - division (of the army) (piece, part, division, territory)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of khaṇḍa

khaṇḍa - piece, part, fragment, division, territory

पित्र्यम् (pitryam) - paternal, ancestral, hereditary

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pitrya

pitrya - paternal, ancestral, hereditary

from pitṛ (father) + -ya suffix

Note: Agrees with 'khaṇḍam'.

आविशत् (āviśat) - he entered, he took possession of

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of āviś

Prefix: ā

Root: viś (class 6)

अमर्षवशम् (amarṣavaśam) - under the sway of indignation, to the power of anger

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of amarṣavaśa

amarṣavaśa - sway of indignation, power of anger

tatpuruṣa compound: amarṣa (indignation) + vaśa (sway)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (amarṣa+vaśa)

• amarṣa – indignation, impatience, anger
  noun (masculine)
  from a- + √mṛṣ (to bear)
  Prefix: a
  Root: mṛṣ (class 1)
• vaśa – power, control, sway, submission
  noun (masculine)

Note: As object of 'āpannaḥ' - 'having attained/fallen into the sway of anger'.

आपन्नः (āpannaḥ) - having attained, having fallen into, overcome

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āpanna

āpanna - attained, reached, fallen into, obtained, overcome

Past Passive Participle

from ā-pad + -na suffix

Prefix: ā

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'putraḥ'.

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Subject of 'āviśat'.

अस्य (asya) - of the Cedi king (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the Cedi king.

परमास्त्रवित् (paramāstravit) - skilled in supreme weapons, knowing the best weapons

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paramāstravid

paramāstravid - skilled in supreme weapons, knowing the best weapons

tatpuruṣa compound: parama (supreme) + astra (weapon) + vid (knowing)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (parama+astra+vid)

• parama – supreme, highest, best, ultimate
  adjective
• astra – weapon, missile, projectile
  noun (neuter)
• vid – knowing, understanding, expert
  adjective
  agent noun from √vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'putraḥ'.