महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-101, verse-53

तेषु प्रक्षीयमाणेषु चेदिमुख्येषु भारत ।
पाञ्चालाः समकम्पन्त द्रोणसायकपीडिताः ॥५३॥

53. teṣu prakṣīyamāṇeṣu cedimukhyeṣu bhārata ,
pāñcālāḥ samakampanta droṇasāyakapīḍitāḥ.

53. teṣu prakṣīyamāṇeṣu cedimukhyeṣu bhārata
| pāñcālāḥ samakampanta droṇasāyakapīḍitāḥ

53. bhārata teṣu prakṣīyamāṇeṣu cedimukhyeṣu
(satsu) droṇasāyakapīḍitāḥ pāñcālāḥ samakampanta

53. O Bhārata, with those prominent Cedi warriors being annihilated, the Pañcālas began to tremble, severely afflicted by Droṇa's arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषु (teṣu) - when those (chief Cedis) (among those, in those (locative plural))

• प्रक्षीयमाणेषु (prakṣīyamāṇeṣu) - being annihilated (being destroyed, being wasted away, perishing)

• चेदिमुख्येषु (cedimukhyeṣu) - the prominent Cedi warriors (among the chiefs of the Cedis)

• भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra or Sañjaya) (O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata, used as address))

• पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - the Pañcālas (warriors from Pañcāla kingdom) (the Pañcālas (people of Pañcāla kingdom))

• समकम्पन्त (samakampanta) - they began to tremble (they trembled, they shook (greatly))

• द्रोणसायकपीडिताः (droṇasāyakapīḍitāḥ) - severely afflicted by Droṇa's arrows (tormented by Droṇa's arrows)

Words meanings and morphology

तेषु (teṣu) - when those (chief Cedis) (among those, in those (locative plural))

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Forms a locative absolute construction.

प्रक्षीयमाणेषु (prakṣīyamāṇeṣu) - being annihilated (being destroyed, being wasted away, perishing)

(participle)

Locative, masculine, plural of prakṣīyamāṇa

prakṣīyamāṇa - being diminished, being wasted away, perishing, being destroyed

present passive participle

From root kṣi (to waste, destroy) with prefix pra, passive form kṣīyate, present participle. Locative plural masculine.

Prefix: pra

Root: kṣi (class 5)

Note: Forms part of the locative absolute.

चेदिमुख्येषु (cedimukhyeṣu) - the prominent Cedi warriors (among the chiefs of the Cedis)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of cedimukhya

cedimukhya - chief of the Cedis, foremost among the Cedis

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (cedi+mukhya)

• cedi – name of an ancient Indian kingdom and its people
  proper noun (masculine)
• mukhya – chief, principal, foremost, main
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Forms part of the locative absolute.

भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra or Sañjaya) (O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata, used as address))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata; an Indian, related to India; name of a specific family/dynasty

From Bharata with aṇ suffix.

Root: bhṛ

पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - the Pañcālas (warriors from Pañcāla kingdom) (the Pañcālas (people of Pañcāla kingdom))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāñcāla

pāñcāla - belonging to the Pañcālas; a name of a country and its inhabitants

From pañcāla with aṇ suffix.

Note: Subject of samakampanta.

समकम्पन्त (samakampanta) - they began to tremble (they trembled, they shook (greatly))

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of sam-kamp

imperfect 3rd person plural

From root kamp (to tremble) with prefix sam. Imperfect, 3rd plural, middle voice (ātmanepada).

Prefix: sam

Root: kamp (class 1)

द्रोणसायकपीडिताः (droṇasāyakapīḍitāḥ) - severely afflicted by Droṇa's arrows (tormented by Droṇa's arrows)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of droṇasāyakapīḍita

droṇasāyakapīḍita - afflicted by Droṇa's arrows, distressed by the arrows of Droṇa

Compound ending in a past passive participle.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (droṇa+sāyaka+pīḍita)

• droṇa – Droṇa (name of the teacher and warrior)
  proper noun (masculine)
• sāyaka – arrow, dart
  noun (masculine)
  From root si (to bind, cast) or sā (to finish).
  Root: si / sā (class 4)
• pīḍita – afflicted, oppressed, tormented, harassed
  participle (masculine)
  past passive participle
  From root pīḍ (to vex, oppress).
  Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Modifies pāñcālāḥ.