महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-101, verse-19

द्रोणस्तु बहुधा विद्धो बृहत्क्षत्रेण मारिष ।
असृजद्विशिखांस्तीक्ष्णान्केकयस्य रथं प्रति ॥१९॥

19. droṇastu bahudhā viddho bṛhatkṣatreṇa māriṣa ,
asṛjadviśikhāṁstīkṣṇānkekayasya rathaṁ prati.

19. droṇaḥ tu bahudhā viddhaḥ bṛhatkṣatreṇa māriṣa
asṛjat viśikhān tīkṣṇān kekayasya ratham prati

19. māriṣa droṇaḥ tu bṛhatkṣatreṇa bahudhā viddhaḥ
tīkṣṇān viśikhān kekayasya ratham prati asṛjat

19. O revered sir, Droṇa, despite being wounded in many places by Bṛhatkṣatra, released sharp arrows towards the chariot of the Kekaya king.

Words meanings summery:

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - The general Drona, preceptor of the Kauravas and Pandavas. (Droṇa)

• तु (tu) - however (but, however, on the other hand, indeed)

• बहुधा (bahudhā) - in many ways, in many places (in many ways, manifoldly, repeatedly)

• विद्धः (viddhaḥ) - wounded (pierced, wounded, struck)

• बृहत्क्षत्रेण (bṛhatkṣatreṇa) - by Bṛhatkṣatra, a prominent warrior (by Bṛhatkṣatra)

• मारिष (māriṣa) - O revered sir (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O respectable one, O venerable one)

• असृजत् (asṛjat) - he discharged, he released (he discharged, he released, he created)

• विशिखान् (viśikhān) - arrows (arrows, uncrested, bald)

• तीक्ष्णान् (tīkṣṇān) - sharp (sharp, keen, fierce, strong)

• केकयस्य (kekayasya) - of the Kekaya king (of the Kekaya, belonging to the Kekaya)

• रथम् (ratham) - chariot

• प्रति (prati) - towards (towards, to, against, every)

Words meanings and morphology

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - The general Drona, preceptor of the Kauravas and Pandavas. (Droṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (proper name); a measure of capacity; a kind of drum; a kind of snake

तु (tu) - however (but, however, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

बहुधा (bahudhā) - in many ways, in many places (in many ways, manifoldly, repeatedly)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'bahu' (many) with suffix '-dhā' indicating manner.

विद्धः (viddhaḥ) - wounded (pierced, wounded, struck)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viddha

viddha - pierced, wounded, struck, hit, transfixed

Past Passive Participle

Root 'vyadh' (to pierce, strike) + kta (passive participle suffix).

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: It functions here as an adjective modifying Droṇa.

बृहत्क्षत्रेण (bṛhatkṣatreṇa) - by Bṛhatkṣatra, a prominent warrior (by Bṛhatkṣatra)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bṛhatkṣatra

bṛhatkṣatra - Bṛhatkṣatra (proper name); lit. 'one of great valor' or 'one with a great kingdom'

Compound type : karma dhāraya (bṛhat+kṣatra)

• bṛhat – great, large, vast, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• kṣatra – power, dominion, valor, warrior, ruling class
  noun (neuter)

मारिष (māriṣa) - O revered sir (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O respectable one, O venerable one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of māriṣa

māriṣa - respectable person, venerable one, gentleman (vocative address)

असृजत् (asṛjat) - he discharged, he released (he discharged, he released, he created)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of sṛj

Imperfect Active

Root 'sṛj' (class 6, 'sṛjati') + augment 'a-' for imperfect past tense, 3rd person singular.

Root: sṛj (class 6)

विशिखान् (viśikhān) - arrows (arrows, uncrested, bald)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of viśikha

viśikha - arrow; uncrested, bald, without a top-knot

Lit. 'without a tuft of hair' or 'without a crest', often used to mean arrow because it has no plume at the back.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vi+śikha)

• vi – without, apart, dis-
  indeclinable
• śikha – crest, tuft of hair, flame, point
  noun (feminine)

तीक्ष्णान् (tīkṣṇān) - sharp (sharp, keen, fierce, strong)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tīkṣṇa

tīkṣṇa - sharp, keen, pointed, fierce, hot, pungent

Note: Adjective modifying `viśikhān`.

केकयस्य (kekayasya) - of the Kekaya king (of the Kekaya, belonging to the Kekaya)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kekaya

kekaya - Kekaya (proper name of a king or a people/country)

Note: Refers to the king of the Kekayas.

रथम् (ratham) - chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car, vehicle

प्रति (prati) - towards (towards, to, against, every)

(indeclinable)

Governs the accusative case.

Note: A preposition governing the accusative case (`ratham`).