महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-91, verse-73

तमुद्यतगदं दृष्ट्वा सशृङ्गमिव पर्वतम् ।
तावकानां भयं घोरं समपद्यत भारत ॥७३॥

73. tamudyatagadaṁ dṛṣṭvā saśṛṅgamiva parvatam ,
tāvakānāṁ bhayaṁ ghoraṁ samapadyata bhārata.

73. taṃ udyatagadaṃ dṛṣṭvā saśṛṅgaṃ iva parvatam
tāvakānāṃ bhayaṃ ghoraṃ samapadyata bhārata

73. bhārata,
udyatagadaṃ tam saśṛṅgam parvatam iva dṛṣṭvā tāvakānāṃ ghoraṃ bhayaṃ samapadyata

73. Upon seeing him (Bhima) with upraised mace, like a peaked mountain, a terrible fear seized your warriors, O Bharata.

Words meanings summery:

• तं (taṁ) - Bhima (him, that (one))

• उद्यतगदं (udyatagadaṁ) - Bhima, with his mace lifted (with an upraised mace)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

• सशृङ्गं (saśṛṅgaṁ) - with peaks, horned

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• पर्वतम् (parvatam) - mountain

• तावकानां (tāvakānāṁ) - of the Kauravas (of your (kinsmen), of your side (Dhritarashtra's side))

• भयं (bhayaṁ) - fear, dread

• घोरं (ghoraṁ) - terrible, dreadful, fierce

• समपद्यत (samapadyata) - arose, occurred, came to be

• भारत (bhārata) - O Dhritarashtra (O descendant of Bharata (often O Dhritarashtra))

Words meanings and morphology

तं (taṁ) - Bhima (him, that (one))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to Bhima.

उद्यतगदं (udyatagadaṁ) - Bhima, with his mace lifted (with an upraised mace)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of udyatagada

udyatagada - having an upraised mace

Compound: udyata (upraised, lifted - PPP of root yam with ud) + gadā (mace).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (udyata+gadā)

• udyata – upraised, lifted, ready
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root yam (to restrain, hold) with prefix ud.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: yam (class 1)
• gadā – mace, club
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root gad.

Note: Qualifies 'tam'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive (ktvā) of root dṛś (class 1).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सशृङ्गं (saśṛṅgaṁ) - with peaks, horned

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saśṛṅga

saśṛṅga - having horns, having peaks, horned, pointed

Compound: sa (with) + śṛṅga (horn, peak).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+śṛṅga)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
  A prefix (upasarga).
• śṛṅga – horn, peak, summit
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'parvatam'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

पर्वतम् (parvatam) - mountain

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parvata

parvata - mountain, hill

Derived from parvan (knot, joint, division).

तावकानां (tāvakānāṁ) - of the Kauravas (of your (kinsmen), of your side (Dhritarashtra's side))

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tāvaka

tāvaka - your, belonging to you; your kinsmen/people (plural)

Derived from tva (you) with the -ka suffix.

Note: Refers to Dhritarashtra's side.

भयं (bhayaṁ) - fear, dread

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread, apprehension

Derived from root bhī (to fear) with the -a suffix.

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Subject of 'samapadyata'.

घोरं (ghoraṁ) - terrible, dreadful, fierce

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, fearful, fierce

Derived from root ghur (to roar).

Root: ghur (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'bhayaṃ'.

समपद्यत (samapadyata) - arose, occurred, came to be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of pad

imperfect middle

Imperfect tense (laṅ) 3rd person singular middle of root pad (class 4, padyate), with prefixes sam and ā.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: pad (class 4)

भारत (bhārata) - O Dhritarashtra (O descendant of Bharata (often O Dhritarashtra))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata; related to Bharata; an Indian

Derived from bharata with the -aṇ suffix. Used in vocative singular.