महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-91, verse-36

तान्दृष्ट्वा निहतान्क्रुद्धो भगदत्तः प्रतापवान् ।
चोदयामास नागेन्द्रं भीमसेनरथं प्रति ॥३६॥

36. tāndṛṣṭvā nihatānkruddho bhagadattaḥ pratāpavān ,
codayāmāsa nāgendraṁ bhīmasenarathaṁ prati.

36. tān dṛṣṭvā nihatān kruddhaḥ bhagadattaḥ pratāpavān
codayāmāsa nāgendram bhīmasenaratham prati

36. pratāpavān kruddhaḥ bhagadattaḥ tān nihatān
dṛṣṭvā nāgendram bhīmasenaratham prati codayāmāsa

36. Having seen those (soldiers) killed, the powerful and enraged Bhagadatta directed his magnificent elephant towards Bhimasena's chariot.

Words meanings summery:

• तान् (tān) - those (soldiers) (those (masculine plural))

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• निहतान् (nihatān) - those who were killed (killed, struck down)

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry

• भगदत्तः (bhagadattaḥ) - Bhagadatta (proper name)

• प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - powerful, glorious, majestic

• चोदयामास (codayāmāsa) - he urged, he directed

• नागेन्द्रम् (nāgendram) - chief of elephants, magnificent elephant

• भीमसेनरथम् (bhīmasenaratham) - Bhimasena's chariot

• प्रति (prati) - towards (towards, against, concerning)

Words meanings and morphology

तान् (tān) - those (soldiers) (those (masculine plural))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive

root dṛś (class 1) + tvā suffix

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Functions as a gerund or absolutive.

निहतान् (nihatān) - those who were killed (killed, struck down)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nihata

nihata - killed, struck down, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From prefix ni- + root han (class 2) + kta suffix

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'tān'.

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - enraged, angry, furious

Past Passive Participle

From root krudh (class 4) + kta suffix

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'Bhagadattaḥ'.

भगदत्तः (bhagadattaḥ) - Bhagadatta (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagadatta

bhagadatta - name of a king of Pragjyotisha, an ally of the Kauravas

प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - powerful, glorious, majestic

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratāpavat

pratāpavat - powerful, majestic, glorious, valiant

suffix -vat indicating possession of pratāpa (power/majesty)

Note: Qualifies 'Bhagadattaḥ'.

चोदयामास (codayāmāsa) - he urged, he directed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of cudaya

causative periphrastic perfect

root cud (class 10) + aya (causative) + āmāsa (perfect auxiliary)

Root: cud (class 10)

नागेन्द्रम् (nāgendram) - chief of elephants, magnificent elephant

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nāgendra

nāgendra - chief of elephants, magnificent elephant

nāga (elephant) + indra (chief)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nāga+indra)

• nāga – snake, elephant
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, best
  noun (masculine)

भीमसेनरथम् (bhīmasenaratham) - Bhimasena's chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīmasenaratha

bhīmasenaratha - chariot of Bhimasena

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhīmasena+ratha)

• bhīmasena – Bhimasena (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)

प्रति (prati) - towards (towards, against, concerning)

(indeclinable)