महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-91, verse-21

तमाद्रवन्तं संप्रेक्ष्य गर्जन्तमिव तोयदम् ।
अभ्यवर्तन्त संक्रुद्धाः पाण्डवानां महारथाः ॥२१॥

21. tamādravantaṁ saṁprekṣya garjantamiva toyadam ,
abhyavartanta saṁkruddhāḥ pāṇḍavānāṁ mahārathāḥ.

21. tam ādravantam samprekṣya garjantam iva toyadam
abhyavartanta saṃkruddhāḥ pāṇḍavānāṃ mahārathāḥ

21. tam toyadam iva garjantam ādravantam samprekṣya,
saṃkruddhāḥ pāṇḍavānāṃ mahārathāḥ abhyavartanta

21. Seeing him rushing forward, roaring like a cloud, the enraged great charioteers of the Pāṇḍavas turned to confront him.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• आद्रवन्तम् (ādravantam) - rushing towards, approaching swiftly

• सम्प्रेक्ष्य (samprekṣya) - having seen, having observed

• गर्जन्तम् (garjantam) - roaring, thundering

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• तोयदम् (toyadam) - a cloud (giver of water)

• अभ्यवर्तन्त (abhyavartanta) - they turned towards, they confronted

• संक्रुद्धाः (saṁkruddhāḥ) - enraged, very angry

• पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

• महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great charioteers, mighty warriors

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

आद्रवन्तम् (ādravantam) - rushing towards, approaching swiftly

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ādravat

ādravat - rushing towards, running, approaching

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'dru' (to run) with upasarga 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: dru (class 1)

सम्प्रेक्ष्य (samprekṣya) - having seen, having observed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Indeclinable participle formed with suffix -ya after upasargas 'sam' and 'pra'.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

गर्जन्तम् (garjantam) - roaring, thundering

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of garjat

garjat - roaring, thundering, making a loud noise

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'garj' (to roar).

Root: garj (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

तोयदम् (toyadam) - a cloud (giver of water)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of toyada

toyada - cloud (lit. water-giver)

Compound type : tatpurusha (toya+da)

• toya – water
  noun (neuter)
• da – giver, bestower
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'dā' (to give)
  Root: dā (class 1)

अभ्यवर्तन्त (abhyavartanta) - they turned towards, they confronted

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of abhi-ava-vṛt

Prefixes: abhi+ava

Root: vṛt (class 1)

संक्रुद्धाः (saṁkruddhāḥ) - enraged, very angry

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃkruddha

saṁkruddha - enraged, very angry, furious

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'krudh' (to be angry) with upasarga 'sam'.

Prefix: sam

Root: krudh (class 4)

पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great charioteers, mighty warriors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, mighty warrior, hero

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+ratha)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• ratha – chariot, car, warrior (in a chariot)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)