महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-91, verse-20

एतच्छ्रुत्वा तु वचनं भीष्मस्य पृतनापतेः ।
प्रययौ सिंहनादेन परानभिमुखो द्रुतम् ॥२०॥

20. etacchrutvā tu vacanaṁ bhīṣmasya pṛtanāpateḥ ,
prayayau siṁhanādena parānabhimukho drutam.

20. etat śrutvā tu vacanam bhīṣmasya pṛtanāpateḥ
prayayau siṃhanādena parān abhimukhaḥ drutam

20. pṛtanāpateḥ bhīṣmasya etat vacanam śrutvā tu
(saḥ) siṃhanādena parān abhimukhaḥ drutam prayayau

20. Having heard this speech of Bhīṣma, the army commander, he swiftly advanced facing the enemies with a lion's roar.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• वचनम् (vacanam) - speech, word, statement

• भीष्मस्य (bhīṣmasya) - of Bhīṣma

• पृतनापतेः (pṛtanāpateḥ) - of the commander of the army

• प्रययौ (prayayau) - he went forth, he departed

• सिंहनादेन (siṁhanādena) - with a lion's roar

• परान् (parān) - enemies, opponents

• अभिमुखः (abhimukhaḥ) - facing, directed towards

• द्रुतम् (drutam) - swiftly, quickly

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Indeclinable participle formed with suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

वचनम् (vacanam) - speech, word, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speaking, saying, word, speech, statement

Root: vac (class 2)

भीष्मस्य (bhīṣmasya) - of Bhīṣma

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (a prominent character in the Mahābhārata)

पृतनापतेः (pṛtanāpateḥ) - of the commander of the army

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pṛtanāpati

pṛtanāpati - commander of the army

Compound type : tatpurusha (pṛtanā+pati)

• pṛtanā – army, battle array
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband, commander
  noun (masculine)

प्रययौ (prayayau) - he went forth, he departed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of pra-i

Prefix: pra

Root: i (class 2)

सिंहनादेन (siṁhanādena) - with a lion's roar

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of siṃhanāda

siṁhanāda - lion's roar, war-cry

Compound type : tatpurusha (siṃha+nāda)

• siṃha – lion
  noun (masculine)
• nāda – sound, roar, cry
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nad (class 1)

परान् (parān) - enemies, opponents

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of para

para - other, hostile, enemy

Note: Used here as a noun meaning 'enemies'.

अभिमुखः (abhimukhaḥ) - facing, directed towards

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhimukha

abhimukha - facing, having the face towards, confronted

Compound type : tatpurusha (abhi+mukha)

• abhi – towards, against
  indeclinable
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

द्रुतम् (drutam) - swiftly, quickly

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle (used adverbially)

Derived from root 'dru' (to run).

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Functions adverbially here.