महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-91, verse-72

ततो भीमो महाराज विरथो रथिनां वरः ।
गदां प्रगृह्य वेगेन प्रचस्कन्द महारथात् ॥७२॥

72. tato bhīmo mahārāja viratho rathināṁ varaḥ ,
gadāṁ pragṛhya vegena pracaskanda mahārathāt.

72. tataḥ bhīmaḥ mahārāja virathaḥ rathināṃ varaḥ
gadāṃ pragṛhya vegena pracaskanda mahārathāt

72. mahārāja tataḥ rathināṃ varaḥ bhīmaḥ virathaḥ
gadāṃ pragṛhya vegena mahārathāt pracaskanda

72. Then Bhima, O great king, the foremost among charioteers, dismounted his chariot. Grasping his mace, he swiftly leapt down from his great chariot.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

• भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhima, one of the Pāṇḍava brothers (Bhima (name of a Pāṇḍava hero), terrible, dreadful)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O Dhritarashtra (O great king)

• विरथः (virathaḥ) - Bhima, having left his chariot (chariotless, dismounted from a chariot)

• रथिनां (rathināṁ) - of charioteers

• वरः (varaḥ) - best, excellent, choicest

• गदां (gadāṁ) - mace

• प्रगृह्य (pragṛhya) - having seized, grasping

• वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, swiftly, forcefully

• प्रचस्कन्द (pracaskanda) - leapt down, jumped forth

• महारथात् (mahārathāt) - from his own great chariot (from the great chariot)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

(indeclinable)

Derived from tad (that) with the -tas suffix.

भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhima, one of the Pāṇḍava brothers (Bhima (name of a Pāṇḍava hero), terrible, dreadful)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - dreadful, terrible; name of the second Pāṇḍava brother

Derived from root bhī (to fear).

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

महाराज (mahārāja) - O Dhritarashtra (O great king)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound: mahā (great) + rājan (king). Used in vocative singular.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
  Feminine stem of mahat.
• rājan – king, sovereign
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root rāj (to shine, rule).
  Root: rāj (class 1)

विरथः (virathaḥ) - Bhima, having left his chariot (chariotless, dismounted from a chariot)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viratha

viratha - without a chariot, dismounted

Compound: vi (without) + ratha (chariot).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vi+ratha)

• vi – without, apart, reverse
  indeclinable
  A prefix (upasarga).
• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root ram (to be pleased) + tha suffix, or rā (to go).

Note: Qualifies Bhima.

रथिनां (rathināṁ) - of charioteers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, warrior in a chariot

Derived from ratha (chariot) with the -in suffix (possessing).

वरः (varaḥ) - best, excellent, choicest

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, choicest; boon, choice

Derived from root vṛ (to choose, select).

Root: vṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'bhīmaḥ'.

गदां (gadāṁ) - mace

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gadā

gadā - mace, club

Derived from root gad (to speak), but here refers to a weapon.

Note: Object of 'pragṛhya'.

प्रगृह्य (pragṛhya) - having seized, grasping

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive (lyap) of root grah (class 9, gṛhṇāti), with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: grah (class 9)

वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, swiftly, forcefully

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, force, velocity, impetus

Derived from root vij (to move rapidly).

Root: vij (class 3)

Note: Adverbial use.

प्रचस्कन्द (pracaskanda) - leapt down, jumped forth

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of skand

reduplicated perfect active

Perfect tense (lit) 3rd person singular active of root skand (class 1), with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: skand (class 1)

महारथात् (mahārathāt) - from his own great chariot (from the great chariot)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great chariot; a great warrior (who fights from a chariot)

Compound: mahā (great) + ratha (chariot).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
  Feminine stem of mahat.
• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root ram (to be pleased) + tha suffix, or rā (to go).

Note: Refers to Bhima's own chariot.