महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-91, verse-37

स नागः प्रेषितस्तेन बाणो ज्याचोदितो यथा ।
अभ्यधावत वेगेन भीमसेनमरिंदमम् ॥३७॥

37. sa nāgaḥ preṣitastena bāṇo jyācodito yathā ,
abhyadhāvata vegena bhīmasenamariṁdamam.

37. sa nāgaḥ preṣitaḥ tena bāṇaḥ jyācoditaḥ
yathā abhyadhāvata vegena bhīmasenarimaṃdamam

37. tena preṣitaḥ sa nāgaḥ vegena bhīmasenarimaṃdamam
abhyadhāvata yathā jyācoditaḥ bāṇaḥ

37. That elephant, dispatched by him (Bhagadatta), rushed with great speed towards Bhimasena, the subduer of enemies, just as an arrow, propelled by a bowstring, (rushes).

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - that, he

• नागः (nāgaḥ) - elephant (elephant, snake)

• प्रेषितः (preṣitaḥ) - sent, dispatched, hurled

• तेन (tena) - by him (Bhagadatta) (by him, by that)

• बाणः (bāṇaḥ) - arrow

• ज्याचोदितः (jyācoditaḥ) - urged/propelled by a bowstring

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in the manner that

• अभ्यधावत (abhyadhāvata) - he rushed, he charged

• वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, swiftly, rapidly

• भीमसेनरिमंदमम् (bhīmasenarimaṁdamam) - Bhimasena, the subduer of enemies

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

नागः (nāgaḥ) - elephant (elephant, snake)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nāga

nāga - snake, elephant

प्रेषितः (preṣitaḥ) - sent, dispatched, hurled

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of preṣita

preṣita - sent, dispatched, hurled, directed

Past Passive Participle

From prefix pra- + root iṣ (class 4) + kta suffix

Prefix: pra

Root: iṣ (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'nāgaḥ'.

तेन (tena) - by him (Bhagadatta) (by him, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Bhagadatta from the previous verse.

बाणः (bāṇaḥ) - arrow

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

ज्याचोदितः (jyācoditaḥ) - urged/propelled by a bowstring

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jyācodita

jyācodita - propelled by a bowstring, urged by a bowstring

Past Passive Participle (compound)

Compound of jyā (bowstring) + codita (past passive participle of cud - to urge)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jyā+codita)

• jyā – bowstring
  noun (feminine)
• codita – urged, impelled, propelled
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root cud (class 10) + kta suffix
  Root: cud (class 10)

Note: Qualifies 'bāṇaḥ'.

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in the manner that

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for comparison.

अभ्यधावत (abhyadhāvata) - he rushed, he charged

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of dhāv

imperfect active

root dhāv (class 1), imperfect form

Prefix: abhi

Root: dhāv (class 1)

Note: The prefix `abhi` is assimilated into the verb form, with `i` becoming `y` due to sandhi with the augment `a-` of the imperfect.

वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, swiftly, rapidly

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, velocity, impulse, force

Note: Functions as an adverbial phrase.

भीमसेनरिमंदमम् (bhīmasenarimaṁdamam) - Bhimasena, the subduer of enemies

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīmasenarimaṃdama

bhīmasenarimaṁdama - Bhimasena who subdues enemies

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhīmasena+arimdama)

• bhīmasena – Bhimasena (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• arimdama – subduer of enemies, vanquisher of foes
  adjective (masculine)
  compound of ari (enemy) and dama (subduing)

Note: It's Bhimasena, who is also an arimdama.